Question 1

Brain functions,including memory,planning,and attention,can be measured using ___________,which assesses verbal and non-verbal behaviours to provide clinical evaluations of individuals.

Accepted Answer

A)  neuropsychological tests 
B)  stimulation techniques 
C)  electrical recording 
D)  brain imaging

Question 2

You don't want your pet turtle Flash to be bored,so you go out of your way to make his cage very exciting and interesting.You change things around frequently and give him new things to explore.If your efforts actually produced changes in the neurons of Flash's brain,then they would best illustrate the concept of:

Accepted Answer

A)  neural plasticity. 
B)  natural selection or survival of the fittest. 
C)  adaptations. 
D)  lateralization.

Question 3

A change in polarization that moves the neuron's potential from the negative toward zero is called _____________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A change in polarization that moves the...

Question 4

Which technique uses a harmless form of radioactive glucose to measure brain activity,including metabolism,blood flow,and neurotransmitter activity?

Accepted Answer

A)  Computerized axial tomography (CAT)scans 
B)  Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 
C)  Positron emission tomography (PET)scans 
D)  Electroencephalogram (EEG)

Question 5

The synapse is a:

Accepted Answer

A)  location in the neuron where neurotransmitters are packaged into vesicles. 
B)  tiny area on the tip of the dendrite of the next neuron. 
C)  large area where neurotransmitters are released. 
D)  tiny gap between the axon terminal of a neuron and the dendrite of the next neuron.

Question 6

The structure that plays a major role in emotional and motivational behaviours,including sexual behaviour,temperature regulation,sleeping,eating,drinking,and fighting or fleeing is the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  thalamus 
B)  limbic system 
C)  hippocampus 
D)  hypothalamus

Question 7

The division of the axon into many branches (several hundreds in some cases)with endings makes it possible for a single neuron to connect to the dendrites of as many as 50,000 other neurons.These endings are called:

Accepted Answer

A)  cell bodies 
B)  dendrites 
C)  axon terminals 
D)  glial cells

Question 8

In the human body,which nervous system is responsible for activating the body for such things as the fight-or-flight response?

Accepted Answer

A)  autonomic 
B)  somatic 
C)  sympathetic 
D)  parasympathetic

Question 9

The prefrontal cortex is responsible for the:

Accepted Answer

A)  executive functions such as goal setting,judgment,strategic planning,and impulse control. 
B)  important mental functions such as perception,language,and thought. 
C)  motivational and emotional behavior such as temperature regulation,sexual behaviour,fighting,and fleeing. 
D)  vital functions such as eating,drinking,sleeping,heart rate,and respiration.

Question 10

Cocaine and amphetamines are similar in that they both:

Accepted Answer

A)  decrease levels of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. 
B)  are considered to be antagonistic drugs for dopamine. 
C)  increase levels of the neurotransmitter serotonin. 
D)  achieve their effects by inhibiting reuptake.

Question 11

Any drug that inhibits or decreases the effect of a neurotransmitter is called a(n)________________.

Accepted Answer

A)  antagonist 
B)  antigen 
C)  agonist 
D)  neuromodulator

Question 12

Research on neural plasticity indicates that young children recover more effectively from brain damage than adults.Which of the following can best account for this fact,young children have?

Accepted Answer

A)  About 50% more synapses than adults do. 
B)  About 50% more neurons than adults do. 
C)  More neurotransmitters than adults do. 
D)  More neuromodulators than adults do.

Question 13

The electroencephalogram (EEG)was discussed as an example of which method of assessing the relation between the brain and behaviour?

Accepted Answer

A)  brain imaging 
B)  neuropsychological tests 
C)  electrical recording 
D)  destruction and stimulation techniques

Question 14

A neuron sends an action potential to the muscle that contracts your eyelid.This neuron would be classified as a(n)__________________ neuron.

Accepted Answer

A)  excitatory 
B)  action 
C)  sensory 
D)  motor

Question 15

CT scans,PET scans,and MRIs are all similar in that they all can:

Accepted Answer

A)  be classified as brain stimulation techniques. 
B)  be used to capture brain activity. 
C)  be classified as brain imaging techniques. 
D)  make use of various types of X-rays to create images of the brain.

Question 16

In neurotransmission at the synapse,after a neurotransmitter is released it diffuses across the synaptic cleft and:

Accepted Answer

A)  attaches to receptor sites on the receiving cell. 
B)  continues traveling down the axon of the next neuron as an action potential. 
C)  never actually touches the receiving neuron but acts as a stepping stone for the action potential to skip across the gap and keep traveling down the next neuron. 
D)  uses ion channels to enter the next neuron.

Question 17

Some researchers think the most significant evolutionary advance in the human brain was the development of association cortex,which is thought to be responsible for the:

Accepted Answer

A)  human ability to have many emotions rather than the primary three. 
B)  complex coordination of motor behaviours. 
C)  ability to acquire new mental skills specific to our human way of life,such as reading and mathematics 
D)  ability to recognize kin.

Question 18

Neurogenesis,which is the growth of new neurons in an adult brain,has been found in the:

Accepted Answer

A)  hippocampuses of Alzheimer's patients. 
B)  frontal lobes of Alzheimer's patients. 
C)  hippocampuses of rodents and primates. 
D)  frontal lobes of rodents and primates.

Question 19

The dendrite's function is to:

Accepted Answer

A)  receive information from the cell body and send these chemical messages to neighbouring neurons. 
B)  conduct electrical impulses away from the cell body to other neurons,muscles,or glands. 
C)  receive incoming chemical messages from neighboring neurons and send them on to the cell body. 
D)  combine and process incoming information.

Question 20

Botulism,a serious type of food poisoning,acts as a(n)____________ for acetylcholine (ACh)and results in potentially fatal paralysis of the muscles.

Accepted Answer

A)  deactivator 
B)  agonist 
C)  antagonist 
D)  neuromodulators

Exam 3: Biological Foundations of Behaviour