Question 1

He coined the phrase "nature-nurture controversy."

Accepted Answer

A)  Alfred Binet 
B)  Sir Francis Galton 
C)  Charles Darwin 
D)  Thomas Bouchard

Question 2

__________ intelligence has been suggested by Salovey and Pizarro to be a more powerful influence on life than more traditional views.

Accepted Answer

A)  Analytical intelligence 
B)  Creative intelligence 
C)  Emotional intelligence 
D)  none of these

Question 3

A psychological test that measures what we intend it to measure is said to be __________

Accepted Answer

A)  valid. 
B)  normed. 
C)  reliable. 
D)  standardized.

Question 4

In the middle ages, people accused of being witches were often tested by being dunked in a river or pond. If they floated to the surface they were condemned as witches. If they sank and drowned they were posthumously acquitted. This test obviously lacks __________

Accepted Answer

A)  reliability. 
B)  norms. 
C)  validity. 
D)  bias.

Question 5

The system of rules that governs how we assign meaning to the morphemes we use is called __________

Accepted Answer

A)  syntax. 
B)  semantics. 
C)  phonology. 
D)  regularization.

Question 6

He is credited with introducing a formal method of deductive reasoning - the syllogism.

Accepted Answer

A)  Freud 
B)  Aristotle 
C)  Jung 
D)  Adler

Question 7

IQs of Americans have gone up about __________ point(s) per decade since 1940.

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4

Question 8

The ability to understand the world, think rationally or logically, and use resources effectively when faced with challenges or problems is the psychologist's working definition of __________

Accepted Answer

A)  divergent problem solving. 
B)  creative thinking. 
C)  heuristic usage. 
D)  intelligence.

Question 9

Age at learning a second language is the only factor that determines proficiency.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

If intelligence is determined primarily by heredity, which pair should show the highest correlation between IQ scores?

Accepted Answer

A)  fraternal twins 
B)  identical twins 
C)  brothers and sisters 
D)  parents and children

Question 11

In problem solving, the term rule of thumb refers to __________

Accepted Answer

A)  heuristics. 
B)  algorithms. 
C)  mnemonic devices. 
D)  cognitive shortcuts.

Question 12

Beliefs that being gifted or a genius lead to being weird, socially awkward, or more likely to suffer from mental illnesses were put to rest by __________

Accepted Answer

A)  Binet's development of the concept of IQ. 
B)  the development of the WAIS tests by Wechsler. 
C)  the Army Alpha tests study. 
D)  Terman's longitudinal study of 1,528 gifted children.

Question 13

The availability heuristic involves evaluating alternatives against criteria that have been ranked by importance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Most native-born Americans speak __________ language(s).

Accepted Answer

A)  2 
B)  1 
C)  3 
D)  4

Question 15

According to Sternberg, the type of knowledge that is action oriented and gained without direct help from others is __________ knowledge.

Accepted Answer

A)  formal 
B)  explicit 
C)  interpersonal 
D)  tacit

Question 16

__________, a professor of psychology at Stanford University, revised the Binet-Simon scale so it could be used with American school children.

Accepted Answer

A)  William Stern 
B)  Lewis Terman 
C)  Theodore Simon 
D)  David Wechsler

Question 17

Of the following individuals, __________ would be most likely to say that musical and athletic ability are both forms of intelligence and as such are just as important as mathematical and language abilities.

Accepted Answer

A)  Louis Thurstone 
B)  Robert Sternberg 
C)  Howard Gardner 
D)  David Wechsler

Question 18

A loose screw on the visor causes it to drop down while Ben drives; however, he keeps forgetting to take a screwdriver out to the car to fix it. When he notices the visor drop again, he reaches into his pocket for a dime he uses to tighten the screw holding the visor. What problem-solving difficulty did Ben overcome?

Accepted Answer

A)  relative comparison 
B)  functional fixedness 
C)  poor problem representation 
D)  the representative heuristic

Question 19

People began measuring intelligence through tests roughly__________ years ago.

Accepted Answer

A)  50 
B)  100 
C)  200 
D)  500

Question 20

Which of the following people would be classified as having a severe developmental delay?

Accepted Answer

A)  someone with an IQ in the 55-70 range 
B)  someone with an IQ between 25 and 40 
C)  someone who can perform basic self-care without supervision 
D)  someone who performs at only a second-grade educational level

Exam 7: Cognition, Language, and Intelligence