Question 1

Extrapolating from the research on relational aggression, which of the following would be the best thing a parent could teach a young girl?

Accepted Answer

A)   Have a thick skin about what other people think, and work on developing a few good friends.
B)   Practice running so you can be very fast.
C)   Make sure that you always carry a cell phone.
D)   Always keep your fists up to guard your face in a fight. A

Question 2

Which of the following is not one of the causes the authors of your text suggest for the gender difference in violence against intimate partners?

Accepted Answer

A)   Male physiology and men's greater average strength.
B)   The difference reflects sexism in society.
C)   male jealousy; an evolutionary explanation
D)   Men are less likely to provoke aggression from women. D

Question 3

Biologist Zing Yang Kuo (1961) demonstrated that a cat that had been raised from birth with a rat in the same cage would attack neither that specific rat nor other rats. This research suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)   conflict over scarce resources contributes to aggression.
B)   aggression is a learned response.
C)   aggressive behavior is not instinctive.
D)   aggressive instincts can be modified through experience. D

Question 4

"It's the male's role to persist in his sexual advances, and the woman's role to set limits." The preceding statement is an example of a sexual

Accepted Answer

A)   myth.
B)   heuristic.
C)   misunderstanding.
D)   script.

Question 5

________ refers to the perception that you (or your group) have less than you were led to expect, or less than similar others have.

Accepted Answer

A)   Frustration
B)   Absolute deprivation
C)   Relative deprivation
D)   Aspirational deprivation

Question 6

Assume that Kyle grew up in the South, where a "culture of honor" predominates. Based on research presented in the text, Kyle would be more likely than a northerner to behave aggressively when

Accepted Answer

A)   he feels his life is threatened.
B)   someone insults him.
C)   he has been drinking.
D)   he has won a contest.

Question 7

Based on research conducted with nonhuman animals, it is reasonable to conclude that aggression

Accepted Answer

A)   is not inevitable, but instead an optional strategy.
B)   may be instinctive; very few species are able to suppress aggressive urges.
C)   is not instinctive, but rather solely a result of learned processes.
D)   is instinctive in all species except humans.

Question 8

Which research findings below provide the soundest evidence that excessive heat causes greater aggression?

Accepted Answer

A)   In cities all over the country, riots are more likely to occur on hot days than on cold days.
B)   In Phoenix, drivers without air conditioning are more likely to honk at others than are drivers with air conditioning.
C)   Compared to students who took a test in a normal temperature room, test-taking students in a ninety-degree room were more likely to express hostility toward a stranger.
D)   Throughout the history of the World Series, more batters have been hit by pitched balls on hot days than on cool days.

Question 9

Amu lives in an isolated area and very close-knit community. The community hunts and farms together and must do so to survive. If Amu suddenly becomes aggressive toward other community members, how is he likely to be treated?

Accepted Answer

A)   He'll be rewarded with a larger share of food.
B)   He will be elected to a leadership position in the community.
C)   He will be shunned and perhaps even cast out of the community.
D)   His behavior will be ignored and won't attract any attention.

Question 10

Your text provides the example of the Columbine High School shootings as an extreme example of aggression. Which of the following is not true about the shooting?

Accepted Answer

A)   The shooters intended the massacre to be much worse.
B)   The shooters were disgruntled high school teachers.
C)   It is the worst school shooting in U.S. history.
D)   Over a dozen people were injured and/or killed.

Question 11

You witness a man punch another man in the stomach. Explain how this action could be considered hostile aggression, instrumental aggression, or not an act of aggression.

Accepted Answer

The answer of You witness a man punch another man...

Question 12

According to psychiatrist Gilligan (1996), the motivation behind the vast majority of rampage killings is to turn feelings of ________ into feelings of pride.

Accepted Answer

A)   anger
B)   arousal
C)   shame
D)   depression

Question 13

Which of the following conclusions is best supported by the results of correlational research demonstrating the connection between viewing television violence and subsequent acts of aggression?

Accepted Answer

A)   Some children or teens may imitate televised violence, but the effect disappears in adulthood.
B)   Some people-adults as well as youths-are influenced to imitate televised acts of violence.
C)   While there is a correlation between viewing TV violence and aggression, it can be fully explained by more aggressive people being more likely to watch violent TV.
D)   While there is a correlation between viewing TV violence and aggression, it can be fully explained by family income, education, and neighborhood violence.

Question 14

Which is not a reason that global warming may increase aggression?

Accepted Answer

A)   As the environment gets hotter, aggression increases.
B)   Global warming will exacerbate existing problems that influence aggression such as poverty and unstable social units.
C)   As warming occurs, cognitive processing of ambiguous situations is impaired resulting in increased aggression.
D)   With global warming come increased occurrences of famine and drought thereby endangering populations already struggling to survive.

Question 15

A study presented in the text demonstrated that when participants were first "accidentally" bumped, then called a disrespectful name, northerners tended to react ________ southerners.

Accepted Answer

A)   more aggressively than
B)   more assertively than
C)   as aggressively as
D)   less aggressively than

Question 16

Nisbett (1993) has conducted research pointing to regional differences in the propensity to aggress. Based on his findings, which of the men below would be more likely to beat up another man who called his wife "ugly"?

Accepted Answer

A)   Jethro, who lives in New York City
B)   Rocky, who is from Maine
C)   Ted, who lives in Texas
D)   Brian, who lives in rural Indiana

Question 17

You've arrived half an hour late to pick up a friend. She was scheduled to take an examination, and even if you speed on the way to the university, she will now lose at least twenty minutes of the time she needs to complete the exam. According to the authors, what is the best thing to say when you arrive?

Accepted Answer

A)   "It's all my fault. I overslept. I'm really sorry."
B)   "I brought you some coffee and donuts to make it up to you."
C)   "It's only one exam, and you're doing well in that course so far, aren't you?"
D)   "Don't tell me that you've never overslept."

Question 18

How does female-dominated society lead bonobos to deal with conflict?

Accepted Answer

A)   They diffuse tension by having sex.
B)   There is aggressive conflict, but only among females.
C)   There is aggressive conflict, but among both males and females in mixed sex combat.
D)   They have a clear and unchallenged hierarchy with a female firmly in charge of the group.

Question 19

According to the analysis presented by the authors at the end of Chapter 12 (Aggression), the most effective way to try and reduce the likelihood of future school shootings is to

Accepted Answer

A)   reduce the amount of violence teenagers view on television.
B)   reduce students' access to guns.
C)   change the exclusionary, cliquish atmosphere of most high schools.
D)   increase the penalties for any aggressive behavior.

Question 20

Social-psychological research has revealed that exposure to televised violence might weaken viewers' inhibitions about using violence in their own lives. If Peter is one such person, what is he likely to think when he watches a violent cops-and-robbers show?

Accepted Answer

A)   "If they can get away with it, so can I."
B)   "So that's how it's done."
C)   "I guess it's the urge to aggress that I'm feeling."
D)   "Big deal. What's on PBS?"

Exam 12: Aggression: Why Do We Hurt Other People Can We Prevent It