Question 1

According to your text, the most optimal kind of resolution to a conflict situation is

Accepted Answer

A)  yielding. 
B)  challenging. 
C)  an integrative solution. 
D)  synthetic resolution.

Question 2

Consider the following destructive acts: soccer fans bludgeoning one another, fans at rock concerts trampling one another to death to secure good seats, and Klansmen lynching African Americans. All of these are examples of the dangerous effects of

Accepted Answer

A)  hysterical contagion. 
B)  anti-social contagion. 
C)  anti-social anonymity. 
D)  deindividuation.

Question 3

In Dan's family, it's customary to wear a nice pair of jeans and a shirt to a wedding, but in Blake's family, it's typical to wear a suit and tie, if not a tuxedo, to weddings. This example demonstrates that norms

Accepted Answer

A)  do not predict behavior very well. 
B)  can vary depending on the group. 
C)  were meant to be violated. 
D)  are a form of authoritarian control.

Question 4

There is a new student on campus who doesn't know anyone yet. Why would you expect this student to join groups on campus (these could be groups of friends, clubs, or teams)? Also, what kinds of students would you expect in the composition of the groups this new student would join?

Accepted Answer

The answer of There is a new student on campus...

Question 5

In order to predict whether the presence of others will help or hinder performance, one needs two pieces of information: whether ________ and whether ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  individual performance can be evaluated; the task is simple or complex 
B)  arousal is present; one holds individualistic or collectivistic values 
C)  arousal is high or low; the others are friends or strangers 
D)  individual performance can be evaluated; arousal is high or low

Question 6

Which of the following individuals is most likely to engage in social loafing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Amanda, who sits alone in her office, licking stamps and placing them on envelopes 
B)  Tim, who washes a car with his friends 
C)  Phoebe, who works with her classmates on a difficult assignment 
D)  Danny, who struggles alone with a difficult calculus problem

Question 7

Group cohesiveness is almost always positively correlated with all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  effective problem solving. 
B)  retention of group members. 
C)  participation in group activities. 
D)  recruiting of new, like-minded members.

Question 8

Social loafing is likely to impair performance ________ and to enhance performance ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  when we're with others; when we're alone 
B)  on simple tasks; on complex tasks 
C)  when we're alone; when we're with others 
D)  on complex tasks; on simple tasks

Question 9

According to the contingency theory of leadership, in ________ situations, the leader has good relationships with subordinates, is perceived as powerful, and directs structured and well-defined tasks.

Accepted Answer

A)  autocratic 
B)  low-control 
C)  contingent 
D)  high-control

Question 10

Based on what the authors of your text state about the effects of deindividuation, which of the following people would be the most likely to shoplift?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lisa, who sees that she is being monitored by a surveillance camera 
B)  Alice, who is trying on an outfit, looking in the mirror 
C)  Jane, who is shopping with her best friend 
D)  Diana, who is wandering through a crowded marketplace

Question 11

A(n) ________ leader is primarily concerned with workers' feelings and relationships with one another.

Accepted Answer

A)  collectivistic 
B)  contingency 
C)  emotion-oriented 
D)  relationship-oriented

Question 12

Imagine you're giving advice about the first year to a group of first-year college students. Give them at least three reasons that people join groups, based on information in this chapter.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Imagine you're giving advice about the first...

Question 13

Which person is least likely to be in a group with the other three?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ben: age fifty, married, politically conservative accountant 
B)  Sam: age forty-seven, single, ultra-conservative lawyer 
C)  Sally: age forty-eight, married, politically conservative manager 
D)  Lauren: age twenty-five, single, liberal waitress

Question 14

Norm and Vera are feuding over where to go out to dinner. Norm wants to go to Denny's for the Grand Slam, but Vera wants to go to Sizzler for the all-you-can-eat salad bar. Finally, exchanging a series of proposals and counterproposals, they settle on a new diner in town that has both cheap food and a salad bar. This situation is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  a public goods dilemma. 
B)  an integrative solution. 
C)  a commons dilemma. 
D)  process loss.

Question 15

The group processes of social loafing and deindividuation share the common feature that they are both caused in part by

Accepted Answer

A)  feelings of not being accountable for one's actions. 
B)  a sense of belonging to a group. 
C)  cognitive laziness. 
D)  transformational leaders.

Question 16

President Kennedy's failure at the Bay of Pigs in Cuba is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  social loafing. 
B)  deindividuation. 
C)  groupthink. 
D)  social dilemmas.

Question 17

Nan had pretty much made up her mind before a group discussion. During the discussion, however, she thinks to herself, "I think I'll hang back and see how the others feel about it. I don't want them to think I'm nuts or anything." Nan's thoughts best reflect the ________ interpretation of group polarization.

Accepted Answer

A)  social comparison 
B)  persuasive arguments 
C)  deviance avoidance 
D)  accuracy motive

Question 18

Your text describes Steve Jobs as a creative, unorthodox leader, who was successful at getting Apple Computers started, but later was removed from his leadership role when the company was well-established and he was being less effective leading a billion-dollar corporation. This illustrates the importance of

Accepted Answer

A)  fit between a leader's style and the situation. 
B)  personality in being an effective leader. 
C)  the lifestyle of capitalism. 
D)  relationships in effective leadership.

Question 19

Why did allowing (and even requiring) participants to communicate when they played the "trucking" game (Deutsch & Krauss, 1962) fail to engender trust and cooperation? Participants

Accepted Answer

A)  were not allowed to bargain or negotiate in their communications. 
B)  used communication primarily as means of threatening their opponents. 
C)  became so caught up in the competitive game that they forgot to communicate with their opponents. 
D)  could never figure out how to use the intercom.

Question 20

Adam is part of a group organized to increase blood donations in a local community. As a social psychologist, Adam has a relevant background in persuasion tactics, but his group members fail to realize the important contributions he could make. This scenario is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  process loss. 
B)  intragroup conflict. 
C)  poor leadership. 
D)  a task orientation to problem solving.

Exam 9: Group Processes: Influence in Social Groups