Question 1

Which sociological perspective suggests that a society or a relatively permanent group must accomplish certain major tasks if it is to survive?

Accepted Answer

A)  functionalist perspective 
B)  conflict perspective 
C)  interactionist perspective 
D)  feminist perspective

Question 2

In Gerhard Lenski's view, societal organization is highly dependent on its level of

Accepted Answer

A)  farming. 
B)  education. 
C)  technology. 
D)  banking.

Question 3

Which term is used by sociologists when speaking of any group that individuals use as a standard for evaluating themselves and their own behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  primary group 
B)  secondary group 
C)  tertiary group 
D)  reference group

Question 4

A bureaucracy is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  two-member group. 
B)  small group in which there is little intimacy or mutual understanding and in which relationships are impersonal. 
C)  organization established on the basis of common interest whose members volunteer or even pay to participate. 
D)  component of formal organization that uses rules and hierarchical ranking to achieve efficiency.

Question 5

Friends and family are examples of social networks.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which sociological perspective is especially interested in ascribed statuses because they often confer privileges or reflect a person's membership in a subordinate group?

Accepted Answer

A)  functionalist perspective 
B)  conflict perspective 
C)  interactionist perspective 
D)  global perspective

Question 7

Which of the following functional prerequisites was NOT fulfilled by the religious sect known as the Shakers?

Accepted Answer

A)  replacing personnel 
B)  teaching new recruits 
C)  producing and distributing goods and services 
D)  preserving order

Question 8

Which of the following is most likely to be a secondary group?

Accepted Answer

A)  the members of a small weekly seminar class in cultural diversity 
B)  the members of a small commune in Idaho 
C)  the members of the United Nations General Assembly 
D)  the members of a family

Question 9

Which of the following terms refers to the way in which a society is organized into predictable relationships?

Accepted Answer

A)  socialization 
B)  social structure 
C)  social interaction 
D)  culture

Question 10

Elaine is a clinical sociologist who practices marriage and family therapy. She is also a college professor. One of her current students asks her if she can make an appointment for a therapy session. Elaine tells the student that she will refer her to a colleague because she feels that holding therapy sessions with a student might create

Accepted Answer

A)  role strain. 
B)  role conflict. 
C)  role exit. 
D)  status displacement.

Question 11

Positive age-seniority language distinctions are uncommon in the United States.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

In the U.S., the ascribed statuses of race and gender can function as master statuses that have an important impact on one's potential to achieve a desired professional and social status.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which of the following was characteristic of the emergence of industrial societies?

Accepted Answer

A)  Families and communities could not continue to function as self-sufficient units. 
B)  Individuals, villages, and regions began to exchange goods and services and become interdependent. 
C)  Formal educational institutions developed. 
D)  All of these answers are correct.

Question 14

Describe some of the potential negative consequences of the process of bureaucratization.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe some of the potential negative consequences...

Question 15

A college law enforcement major watches the behavior of television police detectives with great admiration. These detectives could be considered

Accepted Answer

A)  an out-group. 
B)  a focus group. 
C)  a triad. 
D)  a reference group.

Question 16

An ascribed status is a social position

Accepted Answer

A)  attained by a person largely through his or her own efforts. 
B)  "assigned" to a person by society without regard for the person's unique talents or characteristics. 
C)  that is earned. 
D)  that is reached as a result of negotiation.

Question 17

The difficulty that arises when the same social position imposes conflicting demands and expectations is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  role conflict. 
B)  role strain. 
C)  role exit. 
D)  resocialization.

Question 18

The industrial revolution, pushing societies from agrarian-based economies to those dependent on mechanization, first appeared when?

Accepted Answer

A)  1910-1940 
B)  1870-1905 
C)  1835-1870 
D)  1760-1850

Question 19

Helen Rose Fuchs Ebaugh studied

Accepted Answer

A)  role conflict among internal affairs officers in police departments. 
B)  role exit. 
C)  social networking among Black businesswomen. 
D)  sociocultural evolution.

Question 20

An analysis of sociocultural evolution that distinguishes between preindustrial and industrial societies was developed by

Accepted Answer

A)  Ferdinand Tönnies. 
B)  Gerhard Lenski. 
C)  Jonathan Kozol. 
D)  William I. Thomas.

Exam 5: Social Interaction, Groups, and Social Structure

Which sociological perspective suggests that a society or a relatively permanent group must accomplish certain major tasks if it is to survive?

In Gerhard Lenski's view, societal organization is highly dependent on its level of

Which term is used by sociologists when speaking of any group that individuals use as a standard for evaluating themselves and their own behavior?

A bureaucracy is a(n)

Friends and family are examples of social networks.

Which sociological perspective is especially interested in ascribed statuses because they often confer privileges or reflect a person's membership in a subordinate group?

Which of the following functional prerequisites was NOT fulfilled by the religious sect known as the Shakers?

Which of the following is most likely to be a secondary group?

Which of the following terms refers to the way in which a society is organized into predictable relationships?

Positive age-seniority language distinctions are uncommon in the United States.

In the U.S., the ascribed statuses of race and gender can function as master statuses that have an important impact on one's potential to achieve a desired professional and social status.

Which of the following was characteristic of the emergence of industrial societies?

Describe some of the potential negative consequences of the process of bureaucratization.

A college law enforcement major watches the behavior of television police detectives with great admiration. These detectives could be considered

An ascribed status is a social position

The difficulty that arises when the same social position imposes conflicting demands and expectations is known as

The industrial revolution, pushing societies from agrarian-based economies to those dependent on mechanization, first appeared when?

Helen Rose Fuchs Ebaugh studied

An analysis of sociocultural evolution that distinguishes between preindustrial and industrial societies was developed by