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Essay

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Imagine a genetic variant that is tightly linked to a disease susceptibility allele. On a single chromosome, the ____1____ containing the genetic variant and the linked disease susceptibility allele will have a higher ____2____ than would be expected (that is, it would be higher than the ____2____ of the genetic variant multiplied by the ____2_____ of the disease susceptibility allele. This is an example of _____3_____ ____4_____ , the non-random _____5_____ of alleles at two or more loci. Although _____3_____ ____4_____ describes any non-random _____5_____ of alleles at different loci, in practice, the alleles are at very closely _____6______ loci. Although ______3______ ______4_____ can occur if a particular combination of alleles offer some advantage and is _____7_____ selected, it may often simply reflect reduced _____8_____ between loci (certain regions of the genome, such at the HLA complex, show significantly reduced _____8_____ ). When a new DNA variant is created by mutation it will show very tight ____3______ with alleles at neighboring loci. However, the _____3_____ ____4_____ will gradually be eroded by _____8______ but that will take a very _____9_____ time for any locus that is physically very close to the locus with the new mutation.