Question 1

Describe how the issue of sex discrimination applies to jobs that pose health risks to developing fetuses.

Accepted Answer

Sex discrimination in the context of jobs that pose health risks to developing fetuses can manifest in several ways. For example, pregnant women may be unfairly denied employment opportunities or promotions in certain industries due to concerns about potential harm to the fetus. This can result in women being excluded from certain job roles or industries, limiting their career options and perpetuating gender-based discrimination.

Additionally, pregnant women may face pressure to disclose their pregnancy status to employers, which can lead to discrimination or even termination if the employer believes the job poses a risk to the developing fetus. This can create a hostile work environment and lead to unequal treatment based on pregnancy status.

Furthermore, women who are of childbearing age may face discrimination in hiring processes, as employers may be reluctant to hire them for jobs that pose health risks to developing fetuses, assuming that they may become pregnant in the future.

Overall, the issue of sex discrimination in jobs that pose health risks to developing fetuses highlights the need for fair and equitable treatment of pregnant women and those of childbearing age in the workplace. It also underscores the importance of implementing policies and practices that protect the rights of women to work in environments that are safe for both themselves and their developing fetuses.

Question 2

Employers can defend themselves from responsibility for a workplace accident by claiming that .

Accepted Answer

A)   the accident was preventable
B)   the worker knew the risks
C)   the worker was negligent
D)   the accident was unavoidable C

Question 3

Utilitarian reasoning in approaching workplace hazards might be based on____________.

Accepted Answer

A)   legal precedent
B)   the rights of workers
C)   employers' responsibilities
D)   cost-benefit analysis D

Question 4

In determining whether workers assume a risk by choice, a disanalogy to a case of coercion is that____________.

Accepted Answer

A)   a worker is not forced to accept a job
B)   other jobs may be more hazardous
C)   there may be other people willing to accept the job
D)   not all jobs are hazardous

Question 5

Sex discrimination may apply to jobs that post fetal health risks because____________.

Accepted Answer

A)   women in certain jobs may be subject to sexual harassment
B)   pregnant women may have certain skills that others lack
C)   pregnant women may decide to take less-hazardous jobs
D)   employers may bar women from holding certain jobs

Question 6

If employers maintain that they can protect employees from hazards better than employees can, this is incompatible with employees'____________.

Accepted Answer

A)   dignity
B)   right to work
C)   autonomy
D)   safety

Question 7

Part of the reason that employees can be said to voluntarily assume risk for hazardous jobs is that .

Accepted Answer

A)   the jobs require special skills
B)   the pay is higher
C)   information is always available about the jobs
D)   many people are willing to do the jobs

Question 8

The distinction between safety and health is based on the distinction between .

Accepted Answer

A)   intention and accident
B)   accidents and illness
C)   disease and wellness
D)   ethics and law

Question 9

Explain the argument that workers assume the risk of hazardous jobs, and describe how the argument can be challenged.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the argument that workers assume the...

Question 10

The drawback for the subjective standard of hazard assessment on the part of the employee is that____________.

Accepted Answer

A)   the employee may not be the one in most danger
B)   the employee may not have expert judgment
C)   employees will be looking after their own interests
D)   employers cannot be counted on to look after their employees' interests

Question 11

In order to be able to work in a hazardous environment, employees must____________.

Accepted Answer

A)   have the right to refuse hazardous conditions
B)   be able to sue their employers
C)   be able to quit their jobs
D)   have the right to share information

Question 12

The standard of justified belief that gives an employee the most leeway in having the right to refuse hazardous work is based on____________.

Accepted Answer

A)   reasonable beliefs
B)   expert opinion
C)   objective conditions
D)   subjective judgment

Question 13

Explain the concept of a direct cause as applied to workplace safety. How are employers held responsible for direct causes of accidents and hazards?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the concept of a direct cause...

Exam 9: Occupational Health and Safety