Question 1

A 3-year-old has been diagnosed with bacterial meningitis. What should the nurse expect to find on the laboratory report for the most common cause of this bacterial meningitis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Haemophilus influenzae
B)   Neisseria meningitidis
C)   S. pneumonia
D)   Escherichia coli B

Question 2

A newborn child is diagnosed with a vertebral arch defect, spina bifida. This condition would lead the nurse to suspect the child may have which of the following as well? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)   Type II Chiari malformation
B)   Myelomeningocele
C)   Meningocele
D)   Acrania
E)   Craniosynostosis B, C

Question 3

What is the most common brain tumour in children?

Accepted Answer

A)   Neuroblastoma
B)   Astrocytoma
C)   Meningioma
D)   Germ cell B

Question 4

What is the cause of true (primary) microcephaly?

Accepted Answer

A)   Viral infection
B)   An autosomal recessive gene
C)   Fetal trauma
D)   Hydrocephalus

Question 5

A baby is stillborn after 6 hours of labour. Autopsy reveals hydrocephalus caused by cystic dilation of the fourth ventricle and aqueductal compression. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Congenital hydrocephalus
B)   Microcephaly
C)   Dandy-Walker deformity
D)   Macewen sign

Question 6

A 10-month-old infant presents for a well-baby visit. Which of the following reflexes should be present at this age?

Accepted Answer

A)   Stepping
B)   Sucking
C)   Landau
D)   Palmar grasp

Question 7

An infant is diagnosed with congenital hydrocephalus. What is a feature of this condition?

Accepted Answer

A)   Enlarged ventricles
B)   Decreased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)  production
C)   Increased resorption of CSF
D)   Smaller than average head circumference

Question 8

A child is diagnosed with cerebral palsy, characterized by extreme difficulty in fine motor coordination and purposeful movement. Which of the following types of cerebral palsy is the child experiencing?

Accepted Answer

A)   Ataxic
B)   Dystonic
C)   Spastic
D)   Mixed

Question 9

A 3-year-old Black child with a history of sickle cell disease and is now diagnosed with meningitis. Which is the most likely micro-organism the nurse will find on the laboratory report?

Accepted Answer

A)   Virus
B)   Haemophilus influenzae type B
C)   Streptococcus pneumonia
D)   Neisseria meningitidis

Question 10

Which term is used to describe a premature closure of one or more of the cranial sutures during the first 18 months of life?

Accepted Answer

A)   Craniostenosis (craniosynostosis) 
B)   Congential hydrocephalus
C)   Microcephaly
D)   Acrania

Question 11

When should the nurse assess for the vomiting and headache that are the classic symptoms of childhood brain tumours?

Accepted Answer

A)   Morning
B)   Early afternoon
C)   As the sun goes down and darkness begins
D)   During the middle of the night

Question 12

Parents of a 3-month-old bring the infant to the emergency room (ER) after a seizure has caused muscle rigidity. Both parents are of Jewish ancestry. For what genetic disease should this infant be screened?

Accepted Answer

A)   Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy
B)   Congenital encephalopathy
C)   Tay-Sachs disease
D)   PKU

Question 13

What disease involves the inability for the body to convert the essential amino acid phenylalanine to tyrosine?

Accepted Answer

A)   Epilepsy
B)   Tay-Sachs disease
C)   Pica
D)   Phenylketonuria (PKU)

Question 14

Assessment signs of neuroblastoma include: (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)   weight loss.
B)   irritability.
C)   fatigue.
D)   fever.
E)   constipation.

Question 15

Where is a neuroblastoma most commonly found?

Accepted Answer

A)   In the retroperitoneal region
B)   In the mediastinum
C)   In the cervical ganglion
D)   In the lung

Question 16

Which one of the following neural tube disorders is a result of an anterior midline defect?

Accepted Answer

A)   Spina bifida
B)   Cyclopia
C)   Meningocele
D)   Myelomeningocele

Question 17

The percent of retinoblastomas that are inherited as an autosomal dominant trait is ____%.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The percent of retinoblastomas that are inherited...

Question 18

Which reflex of infancy will disappear first?

Accepted Answer

A)   Stepping
B)   Rooting
C)   Palmar grasp
D)   Moro reflex

Question 19

What is the most common type of cerebral palsy?

Accepted Answer