Question 1

A Medal of Honor,awarded by Congress to individuals serving in the armed forces who have exhibited valor in action against an enemy force,is an example of what type of sanction?

Accepted Answer

A)  negative formal 
B)  negative informal 
C)  neutral 
D)  positive formal 
E)  positive informal

Question 2

Why is the percentage of rapes reported to police so low? How is this underreporting related to gender roles in the United States?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why is the percentage of rapes reported...

Question 3

Community policing involves all of the following elements EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  fostering citizen involvement in crime prevention 
B)  including all economic and ethnic groups in partnerships with police 
C)  increasing the use of incarceration to remove offenders from the community 
D)  creating partnerships between government agencies and community associations 
E)  renewing emphasis on crime prevention

Question 4

Gender differences in crime have decreased in the United States as gender equality has increased in social institutions (e.g.,education and family).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Explain the basic premises of one of the following theories of crime: Robert K.Merton's strain theory; control theory; conflict theory; or Howard S.Becker's labeling theory.Based on the theory,suggest at least two specific strategies for reducing rates of traditional street crime.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the basic premises of one of...

Question 6

Policy makers favor situational crime prevention techniques because they:

Accepted Answer

A)  address the root causes of crime 
B)  affect all types of people equally 
C)  reassure citizens by giving the impression of decisive action against crime 
D)  reduce victimization of all segments of the population 
E)  shift the burden of crime reduction to residents

Question 7

The process of bringing community and family members into court to publicly state their condemnation of a criminal's behavior and to accept the responsibility for reintegrating the offender back into the community is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  community policing 
B)  hazing 
C)  labeling 
D)  reintegrative shaming 
E)  stigmatizing shaming

Question 8

What word would Robert K.Merton use to characterize members of a gang?

Accepted Answer

A)  conformists 
B)  innovators 
C)  ritualists 
D)  retreatists 
E)  rebels

Question 9

Robert K.Merton's functional analysis of deviance and crime addressed the issue that although society has become much more affluent in the twentieth century,crime rates continued to rise.Merton responded to this quandary by:

Accepted Answer

A)  determining that economic factors were no longer relevant to crime 
B)  emphasizing the morality socialized into particular groups 
C)  identifying a sense of relative deprivation as a factor in deviance 
D)  recognizing that people with deviant peers are more likely to participate in deviant behavior 
E)  uncovering the genetic processes that affect decision making of criminals

Question 10

In the movie One flew over the Cuckoo's Nest,one of the patients in the mental hospital tells the other inmates that they are not crazy and they should not act as though they are just because the head nurse tells them they are.Which of the following theories best explains the patients' behaviors?

Accepted Answer

A)  broken windows 
B)  control 
C)  differential association 
D)  labeling 
E)  structural strain

Question 11

Sudhir Venkatesh's research on a gang in Chicago began when he was kidnapped and held hostage for a day by the gang.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Even "deviant" groups have their own norms to which members are expected to conform.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

In 2011,nearly 75% of those arrested in the United States were men.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Recent criminological research has found that adolescents in romantic relationships are less likely to commit crime than other adolescents,"perhaps because romantic love discourages offending by strengthening the social bond." (Source: McCarthy and Casey.2008."Love,Sex,and Crime: Adolescent Romantic Relationships and Offending." American Sociological Review 73: 944-969).This finding best supports which of the following theories of crime?

Accepted Answer

A)  labeling 
B)  interactionist 
C)  functionalist 
D)  control 
E)  conflict

Question 15

Which crime has the highest reporting rate in the United States?

Accepted Answer

A)  auto theft 
B)  burglary 
C)  homicide 
D)  rape 
E)  robbery

Question 16

According to Richard A.Cloward and Lloyd E.Ohlin,delinquent youth subcultures emerge where the chances of legitimately achieving success are low.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT an example of corporate crime?

Accepted Answer

A)  An automobile company manufactures a car that has a high possibility of exploding on impact with another object. 
B)  An administrative assistant embezzles money from her boss. 
C)  A pesticide company dumps pollutants into the local river. 
D)  Corporate executives lie to stockholders about company profits. 
E)  food manufacturers label an item as light when in fact it has as many calories as the regular item.

Question 18

Jill's cell phone rang during an exam,and other students in the class turned around and stared at her.The instructor took the opportunity to remind the class that all cell phones should be turned off and put away.Both the class and the instructor used the moment to perform:

Accepted Answer

A)  boundary maintenance 
B)  an informal sanction 
C)  labeling 
D)  a lecture 
E)  a positive sanction

Question 19

According to the 2011 Hate Crime Statistics,there were approximately _______________ incidents against gays and lesbians in the United States.

Accepted Answer

A)  293 
B)  1,293 
C)  12,930 
D)  129,000 
E)  crimes toward gays and lesbians don't qualify as "hate crimes" and so they are not included in these statistics

Question 20

How is it possible for a person to be both a conformist and a deviant? Explain using examples.

Accepted Answer

The answer of How is it possible for a person...

Exam 7: Conformity, deviance, and Crime

A Medal of Honor,awarded by Congress to individuals serving in the armed forces who have exhibited valor in action against an enemy force,is an example of what type of sanction?

Why is the percentage of rapes reported to police so low? How is this underreporting related to gender roles in the United States?

Community policing involves all of the following elements EXCEPT:

Gender differences in crime have decreased in the United States as gender equality has increased in social institutions (e.g.,education and family).

Explain the basic premises of one of the following theories of crime: Robert K.Merton's strain theory; control theory; conflict theory; or Howard S.Becker's labeling theory.Based on the theory,suggest at least two specific strategies for reducing rates of traditional street crime.

Policy makers favor situational crime prevention techniques because they:

The process of bringing community and family members into court to publicly state their condemnation of a criminal's behavior and to accept the responsibility for reintegrating the offender back into the community is called:

What word would Robert K.Merton use to characterize members of a gang?

Robert K.Merton's functional analysis of deviance and crime addressed the issue that although society has become much more affluent in the twentieth century,crime rates continued to rise.Merton responded to this quandary by:

In the movie One flew over the Cuckoo's Nest,one of the patients in the mental hospital tells the other inmates that they are not crazy and they should not act as though they are just because the head nurse tells them they are.Which of the following theories best explains the patients' behaviors?

Sudhir Venkatesh's research on a gang in Chicago began when he was kidnapped and held hostage for a day by the gang.

Even "deviant" groups have their own norms to which members are expected to conform.

In 2011,nearly 75% of those arrested in the United States were men.

Which crime has the highest reporting rate in the United States?

According to Richard A.Cloward and Lloyd E.Ohlin,delinquent youth subcultures emerge where the chances of legitimately achieving success are low.

Which of the following is NOT an example of corporate crime?

Jill's cell phone rang during an exam,and other students in the class turned around and stared at her.The instructor took the opportunity to remind the class that all cell phones should be turned off and put away.Both the class and the instructor used the moment to perform:

According to the 2011 Hate Crime Statistics,there were approximately _______________ incidents against gays and lesbians in the United States.

How is it possible for a person to be both a conformist and a deviant? Explain using examples.