Question 1

Incoming visual or auditory information that is stored just long enough to be recognized is stored in:

Accepted Answer

A)  short-term memory. 
B)  procedural memory. 
C)  declarative memory. 
D)  sensory memory.

Question 2

When you enter a restaurant, you typically expect that you will be seated by someone that he/she will give you a menu before you order, and that he/she will bring you a bill at the conclusion of the meal. These thoughts together are best considered to be an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  overlearning. 
B)  priming. 
C)  a retrieval cue. 
D)  a schema.

Question 3

Implicit memory is at work when you are

Accepted Answer

A)  recalling a list of words. 
B)  listing facts. 
C)  riding a bicycle. 
D)  retrieving stored information. 
E)  learning a difficult task.

Question 4

The "encoding station" for long-term declarative memory is called the _ .

Accepted Answer

A)  hippocampus 
B)  cerebral cortex 
C)  cerebellum 
D)  thalamus

Question 5

Words at the end of a list are typically remembered better than words presented in the middle. This is known as the recency effect and it presumably happens because the last few words on the list remain in memory.

Accepted Answer

A)  short-term 
B)  episodic 
C)  sensory memory 
D)  long-term

Question 6

Consider the following two lists: 1. car, sofa, tree; 2. honour, truth, justice. The first list should be easier to remember in part because

Accepted Answer

A)  it can be dual coded 
B)  it has lower levels of interference 
C)  it is likely to have deeper processing 
D)  it is not an associative network 
E)  it is less effortful

Question 7

If information is encoded using both verbal and visual encoding, it is more likely that at least one of the codes will be available later to facilitate recall. This is referred to as the _ theory.

Accepted Answer

A)  dual coding 
B)  bimodal 
C)  repeated encoding 
D)  encoding specificity

Question 8

If you were asked right now to list the two different types of declarative memory, this would be an example of what is called a:

Accepted Answer

A)  recall test. 
B)  priming test. 
C)  recognition test. 
D)  prospective test.

Question 9

Which of the following would be the best example of procedural memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Your ability to recall how to drive a car 
B)  Your ability to recall the capital of Italy 
C)  Your ability to recognize if a word had been presented before 
D)  Your ability to recall what you did last night 
E)  Your ability to answer this question correctly

Question 10

According to the three-component model of memory

Accepted Answer

A)  echoic memory lasts longer than iconic memory. 
B)  long-term memory retrieves information from the sensory input. 
C)  long-term memory holds incoming sensory information. 
D)  each component corresponds to a specific brain structure. 
E)  short term memory is different from working memory.

Question 11

Research on the duration of iconic memory suggests that it is:

Accepted Answer

A)  5 to 9 seconds long. 
B)  indefinite in length. 
C)  a fraction of a second long. 
D)  about 2 seconds long.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a component of working memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  phonological loop or auditory working memory 
B)  visuospatial sketchpad 
C)  episodic buffer 
D)  iconic store 
E)  central executive

Question 13

According to the three-stage model of memory, the primacy effect is due to the transfer of words into long-term memory, and the _ _ is due to short-term memory.

Accepted Answer

A)  rehearsal effect 
B)  serial position effect 
C)  misinformation effect 
D)  recency effect

Question 14

When memory loss occurs for events that happened prior to the onset of the amnesia, this is called amnesia.

Accepted Answer

A)  anterograde 
B)  prospective 
C)  proactive 
D)  retrograde

Question 15

At a meeting for the Habitat for Humanity Club, you meet a female named Judy who you are interested in getting to know better. You don't have a pen, but you have a good memory and you ask for her phone number. On your way home you memorize the number. You are all set to call her when you get home, but on your way you meet an old high school friend, Jim, who wants to have a get together. Once you get home you
Simply forget to call Judy. This would be an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  a failure in prospective memory. 
B)  source misattribution. 
C)  boundary extension. 
D)  anterograde amnesia. 
E)  a failure in retrospective memory.

Question 16

As is the case with the H.M., damage to this region of the brain can permanently limit a person's ability to form new declarative memories. This region is the .

Accepted Answer

A)  cerebellum 
B)  hypothalamus 
C)  hippocampus 
D)  amygdala

Question 17

Individual items to be recalled are grouped into larger units of meaning in a memory process called:

Accepted Answer

A)  grouping. 
B)  elaborating. 
C)  encoding. 
D)  chunking.

Question 18

You pass someone on the street and he looks familiar to you. You don't remember the person's name, but you can recall that you met him at a New Year's Eve party last year at a friend's house and you can even recall what he was wearing. These types of memories are best described as examples of:

Accepted Answer

A)  automatic processing. 
B)  maintenance rehearsal. 
C)  procedural memory. 
D)  effortful processing.

Question 19

George Sperling attempted to assess the duration of echoic memory by briefly presenting an image of a 3 x 4 array of letters.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Sol is a 4-year-old boy who fell off his swing set and hit his head. He cannot remember what he was doing prior to his fall. Sol is suffering from

Accepted Answer

A)  repression. 
B)  retrograde amnesia. 
C)  interference. 
D)  infantile amnesia. 
E)  anterograde amnesia.

Exam 8: Memory