Question 1

Women's movement into the paid work force

Accepted Answer

A)   has produced as many changes in men's roles as in women's roles.
B)   has been a major factor in the increased divorce rate.
C)   has produced greater changes in women's than men's roles.
D)   has resulted in few changes for men or women. C

Question 2

Over the past 40 years, women have become more like men in _________ and men have become more like women in _________.

Accepted Answer

A)   paid employment . . . . involvement with their children
B)   levels of aggression and criminality . . . . declining arrest rates
C)   their rate of dieting . . . . concerns about body image
D)   rate of heart disease . . . . incidence of accidental death A

Question 3

Women's level of education has become more like men's,

Accepted Answer

A)   with parallel gains in salary.
B)   with women gaining parity in professions of law, medicine, and economics.
C)   with women seeking employment in a narrowing range of occupations.
D)   but women have not made salary gains proportional to their training. D

Question 4

Making cross-gender choices

Accepted Answer

A)   is still not a free choice.
B)   has become mandatory in a growing number of situations.
C)   is more acceptable for men than for women.
D)   is acceptable in domains other than sexual behavior.

Question 5

Considering the changes to men's and women's gender roles,

Accepted Answer

A)   women already had more gender role flexibility, and the changes have added to that flexibility.
B)   men's movement into the world of women and children has created more flexibility for men than for women.
C)   the adaptations were easy for women to make but difficult for men.
D)   both women and men experience more tension and less satisfaction.

Question 6

Men are unlikely to

Accepted Answer

A)   want an egalitarian relationship with a woman.
B)   say that they are feminists but to accept the value of an egalitarian relationship.
C)   want a close relationship with their children.
D)   say that women should be employed.

Question 7

Women who pursue careers in corporate, academic, or scientific fields

Accepted Answer

A)   usually add the employee role to that of wife and mother.
B)   often choose to remain single rather than marry.
C)   often choose to remain childless.
D)   both b and c

Question 8

Compared to women, how do men feel about the recent changes in gender roles?

Accepted Answer

A)   Men feel more positively than women do.
B)   Men feel less positively than women do, but most still find the changes positive.
C)   Men report a variety of feelings, most of which relates to their increased participation in household work.
D)   Men do not believe that the changes that have occurred affect them.

Question 9

In order to free women from restrictive gender roles,

Accepted Answer

A)   not only women must change but men must change as well.
B)   additional laws must be passed to allow for workplace equality.
C)   children must be raised in single-parent families headed by women.
D)   women must be more united in their goals and act against men who do not share these goals.

Question 10

Women have become more like men in terms of

Accepted Answer

A)   emotional expression and aggression.
B)   health behaviors and life expectancy.
C)   education and paid employment.
D)   all of the above.

Question 11

Evaluations of women are very positive, but those high evaluations fall

Accepted Answer

A)   when men make the evaluations.
B)   when women diverge from their traditional role.
C)   when homemakers are the targets of the evaluations.
D)   when a wide variety of people are included in those making the evaluations.

Question 12

Gender-related differences in ability are largest for

Accepted Answer

A)   older adults.
B)   intelligence.
C)   physical strength.
D)   verbal abilities.

Question 13

Men's career choices are limited by the expectation that

Accepted Answer

A)   they will be the breadwinners of the family.
B)   they have a great, undeveloped ability to nurture.
C)   their emotionality is difficult to control.
D)   most men would like close relationships with their wives and children.

Question 14

Theorists who look at research evidence and see support for their theories demonstrate

Accepted Answer

A)   the interpretive and constructed nature of theory.
B)   the objectivity that theorists must have to build valid theories.
C)   the retrospective nature of theory.
D)   the reversal of quantitative and qualitative evidence.

Question 15

Women tend to provide emotional support,

Accepted Answer

A)   which reverses some of the negative effects of family stress.
B)   which contributes to women's self-concept as submissive.
C)   which consists of more passive listening than active problem solving.
D)   but they may have no one to provide such support for them.

Question 16

_______ is a very important factor in whether or not men endorse equality for women.

Accepted Answer

A)   Age
B)   Ethnic background
C)   Number of female siblings
D)   Number of years they have been married

Question 17

Women's choice about style of friendship

Accepted Answer

A)   provides them with emotionally intimate friendships.
B)   fails to provide them with close friends but provides a variety of friends.
C)   is a choice that men can also make.
D)   both a and b
E)   both a and c

Question 18

In considering the reinforcements and pressures related to gender roles,

Accepted Answer

A)   most people do not dispense social reinforcements on the basis of behaviors that relate to gender roles, which makes this aspect of behavior unimportant.
B)   women receive more reinforcement for adopting masculine behaviors than men receive for adopting feminine behaviors.
C)   behavior that is not gender-typical is more likely to be reinforced than traditional gender role behaviors.
D)   pressure and reinforcements may not be an expression of social values, and thus are meaningless.

Question 19

The changes that women would like men to make include

Accepted Answer

A)   accepting women's style as valid.
B)   an increase in men's share of household work and childcare.
C)   men becoming more expressive.
D)   both a and c
E)   all of the above

Question 20

Maximalist theories ________, and essentialist theories _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   hold that the differences between men and women have a biological basis . . . extend this concept to include a genetic basis.
B)   hold that the differences between men and women have a social basis. . . extend this concept to social learning theory
C)   hold that the differences between men and women are large. . . extend this concept to include a biological basis
D)   ignore the biological differences between women and men . . . emphasize the biological differences between women and men

Exam 16: How Different