Question 1

A correlation coefficient merely investigates the presence,strength,and direction of a linear relationship between two variables.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

The situation in which one variable is associated with another variable,but in this case the relationship is described by a curve rather than a straight line describes what type of relationship?

Accepted Answer

A) A linear relationship 
B) A curvilinear relationship 
C) A semi-curvilinear relationship 
D) A monotonic relationship

Question 3

________,first determine the type of relationship,and then perform the appropriate statistical test.

Accepted Answer

A) Based on sample size 
B) Based on type of software analysis 
C) Based on research requirement 
D) Based on scaling assumptions

Question 4

What is the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient? How does the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient indicate not only degree of association but also the direction?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the Pearson product moment correlation...

Question 5

Researchers may know whether the relationship between variables is positive or negative.However,when a researcher refers to ________,it means they know the general nature of the relationship.

Accepted Answer

A) pattern 
B) essential 
C) specificity 
D) direction

Question 6

Bar charts can be used to"see"a nonmonotonic relationship.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

________ often provide researchers with insights that lead to understanding even though they are not cause-and-effect relationships.

Accepted Answer

A) Non-statistical relationships 
B) Statistical linkages or relationships 
C) Strategic relationships 
D) Relational databases

Question 8

Rules of thumb exist concerning the strength of a correlation based on its absolute size.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Associations can be characterized by presence,direction,and strength,depending on the scaling assumptions of the questions being compared.Discuss how these characteristics are readily seen in correlation analysis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Associations can be characterized by presence,direction,and strength,depending...

Question 10

Within the guidelines on the reporting of correlation findings,marketing researchers usually have a"target"or a"focal"variable in mind,and they look at correlations of other variables of interest with this target variable.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Pearson product moment correlation and other linear association correlation coefficients indicate not only the degree of association but the direction as well.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Researchers should follow a procedure for reporting correlation findings with one of the primary guidelines being that the researcher must test to determine that a significant correlation has been found before reporting it.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Losing sight of this step is entirely possible when a statistical analysis program issues a great many correlations often in a layout that is confusing to first-time data analysts:

Accepted Answer

A) Taking time to organize a visually cogent presentation. 
B) Taking time to see if a significant correlation exists before reporting it. 
C) Taking enough time to learn the datalytics and visualization. 
D) Taking enough time to see if research results correlate with research objectives.

Question 14

What are some of the special considerations researchers must consider when performing association analyses such as correlations and cross-tabulations?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are some of the special considerations...

Question 15

There is an orderly procedure for determining the presence,direction,and strength of a relationship.Outline and briefly discuss the six steps involved in the procedure for analyzing the relationship between two variables.

Accepted Answer

The answer of There is an orderly procedure for determining...

Question 16

In using the Pearson product moment correlation,negative correlation coefficients reveal that the relationship is opposite: As one variable increases,the other variable increases.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

If a Chi-square analysis yielded a .02 significance level for the null hypothesis,the researcher would conclude that only 2% of the time would he or she find evidence to support the null hypothesis.Since the null hypothesis is not supported,this means there:

Accepted Answer

A) Is no significant association. 
B) Is a need to perform multiple Chi-square analyses. 
C) Is a significant association. 
D) There may be inaccurate conclusions regarding the calculation.

Question 18

A ________ is one in which the presence(or absence)of a label for one variable is systematically associated with the presence(or absence)of a label for another variable.

Accepted Answer

A) non-linear relationship 
B) non-curvilinear relationship 
C) non-elliptical relationship 
D) nonmonotonic relationship

Question 19

________ are useful because they determine if there is a consistent and systematic relationship between the presence(label)or amount(level)of one variable and the presence(label)or amount(level)of another variable.

Accepted Answer

A) Systematic analysis processes 
B) Strategic relationship models 
C) Associative analysis procedures 
D) Relational databases

Question 20

A ________ allows a researcher to visually inspect the plotted points and possibly to spot a systematic nonlinear relationship.

Accepted Answer

A) line graph 
B) stacked bar chart 
C) multiple line graph 
D) scatter plot

Exam 14: Making Use of Associations Tests

A correlation coefficient merely investigates the presence,strength,and direction of a linear relationship between two variables.

The situation in which one variable is associated with another variable,but in this case the relationship is described by a curve rather than a straight line describes what type of relationship?

________,first determine the type of relationship,and then perform the appropriate statistical test.

What is the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient? How does the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient indicate not only degree of association but also the direction?

Researchers may know whether the relationship between variables is positive or negative.However,when a researcher refers to ________,it means they know the general nature of the relationship.

Bar charts can be used to"see"a nonmonotonic relationship.

________ often provide researchers with insights that lead to understanding even though they are not cause-and-effect relationships.

Rules of thumb exist concerning the strength of a correlation based on its absolute size.

Associations can be characterized by presence,direction,and strength,depending on the scaling assumptions of the questions being compared.Discuss how these characteristics are readily seen in correlation analysis.

Within the guidelines on the reporting of correlation findings,marketing researchers usually have a"target"or a"focal"variable in mind,and they look at correlations of other variables of interest with this target variable.

Pearson product moment correlation and other linear association correlation coefficients indicate not only the degree of association but the direction as well.

Researchers should follow a procedure for reporting correlation findings with one of the primary guidelines being that the researcher must test to determine that a significant correlation has been found before reporting it.

Losing sight of this step is entirely possible when a statistical analysis program issues a great many correlations often in a layout that is confusing to first-time data analysts:

What are some of the special considerations researchers must consider when performing association analyses such as correlations and cross-tabulations?

There is an orderly procedure for determining the presence,direction,and strength of a relationship.Outline and briefly discuss the six steps involved in the procedure for analyzing the relationship between two variables.

In using the Pearson product moment correlation,negative correlation coefficients reveal that the relationship is opposite: As one variable increases,the other variable increases.

If a Chi-square analysis yielded a .02 significance level for the null hypothesis,the researcher would conclude that only 2% of the time would he or she find evidence to support the null hypothesis.Since the null hypothesis is not supported,this means there:

A ________ is one in which the presence(or absence) of a label for one variable is systematically associated with the presence(or absence) of a label for another variable.

________ are useful because they determine if there is a consistent and systematic relationship between the presence(label) or amount(level) of one variable and the presence(label) or amount(level) of another variable.

A ________ allows a researcher to visually inspect the plotted points and possibly to spot a systematic nonlinear relationship.