Question 1

During the Progressive Reform Era, two main correctional strategies were implemented. They included improving conditions in social environments and:

Accepted Answer

A)  ​feeding inmates a more nutritious diet. 
B)  ​ensuring prisoners were not in solitude. 
C)  ​reintegrating inmates into society. 
D)  ​rehabilitating individual offenders.

Question 2

______________________ has been credited with creating the mark system of graduated confinement in England, which called for an inmate to obtain marks toward early release.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​John Howard 
B)  ​Sir Walter Crofton 
C)  ​Jeremy Bentham 
D)  ​Alexander Maconochie

Question 3

Although conceptualized by early English reformers, the penitentiary first appeared in the United States in the city of ____________, when part of the Walnut Street Jail was converted to allow for separate confinement.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Although conceptualized by early English reformers, the...

Question 4

The country that gave the world its first penitentiary is:

Accepted Answer

A)  ​England. 
B)  ​France. 
C)  ​Egypt. 
D)  ​the United States.

Question 5

Match each item to the phrase or sentence below.
-Lease system

Accepted Answer

A) Designed for young offenders 
B) Earned through behavior, education, and labor 
C) Treatment is required for offenders 
D) Done by inmate labor 
E) Contractors exchange food and clothing for convict labor
F)Reintegration is the goal
G)Developed in Auburn, NY
H)Incarceration and supervision control behavior
I)Isolates prisoners from society
J)Sociological, biological, and psychological causes of crime

Question 6

The was an institution for young offenders that emphasized training, a mark system of classification, indeterminate sentences, and parole.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​penitentiary 
B)  ​jail 
C)  ​juvenile detention center 
D)  ​reformatory

Question 7

The first two decades of the 1900s, referred to as ______________, set the dominant tone for U.S. social thought and political action through the 1960s.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The first two decades of the 1900s,...

Question 8

Progressives wanted to know the ______________ of an offender so that they could devise an individualized treatment program.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Progressives wanted to know the ______________ of...

Question 9

Although the idea of ______________ had been developed in Australia and Ireland in the 1850s and instituted at the Elmira Reformatory in 1876, not until the mid-1920s did this practice become readily accepted and implemented throughout the United States.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​work-release 
B)  ​probation 
C)  ​parole 
D)  ​determinate sentencing

Question 10

The 1980s in corrections centered on crime control through and risk containment.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The 1980s in corrections centered on crime...

Question 11

Match each item to the phrase or sentence below.
-Penitentiary

Accepted Answer

A) Designed for young offenders 
B) Earned through behavior, education, and labor 
C) Treatment is required for offenders 
D) Done by inmate labor 
E) Contractors exchange food and clothing for convict labor
F)Reintegration is the goal
G)Developed in Auburn, NY
H)Incarceration and supervision control behavior
I)Isolates prisoners from society
J)Sociological, biological, and psychological causes of crime

Question 12

Immediately following the Civil War, the ______________ system of corrections permitted inmates to be loaned to private contractors who provided prisoners food and clothing in exchange for their labor.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Immediately following the Civil War, the ______________...

Question 13

Corrections based on the assumption that criminal behavior can be treated is known as the crime control model.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Within 40 years of their initiation, penitentiaries had become overcrowded, understaffed, and minimally financed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Between 1790 and 1830, the population in urban America:

Accepted Answer

A)  ​sharply declined. 
B)  ​sharply increased. 
C)  ​remained unchanged. 
D)  ​none of the above.

Question 16

The social and political climate of the 1960s gave rise to a model of corrections.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The social and political climate of the...

Question 17

The ______________ were a group that looked to the social, economic, biological, and psychological rather than religious or moral explanations for the causes of crime.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ______________ were a group that looked...

Question 18

The Auburn System focused on a congregate system of operations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 3: The History of Corrections in America

During the Progressive Reform Era, two main correctional strategies were implemented. They included improving conditions in social environments and:

______________________ has been credited with creating the mark system of graduated confinement in England, which called for an inmate to obtain marks toward early release.

Although conceptualized by early English reformers, the penitentiary first appeared in the United States in the city of ____________, when part of the Walnut Street Jail was converted to allow for separate confinement.

The country that gave the world its first penitentiary is:

Match each item to the phrase or sentence below. -Lease system

The was an institution for young offenders that emphasized training, a mark system of classification, indeterminate sentences, and parole.

The first two decades of the 1900s, referred to as ______________, set the dominant tone for U.S. social thought and political action through the 1960s.

Progressives wanted to know the ______________ of an offender so that they could devise an individualized treatment program.

Although the idea of ______________ had been developed in Australia and Ireland in the 1850s and instituted at the Elmira Reformatory in 1876, not until the mid-1920s did this practice become readily accepted and implemented throughout the United States.

The 1980s in corrections centered on crime control through and risk containment.

Match each item to the phrase or sentence below. -Penitentiary

Immediately following the Civil War, the ______________ system of corrections permitted inmates to be loaned to private contractors who provided prisoners food and clothing in exchange for their labor.

Corrections based on the assumption that criminal behavior can be treated is known as the crime control model.

Within 40 years of their initiation, penitentiaries had become overcrowded, understaffed, and minimally financed.

Between 1790 and 1830, the population in urban America:

The social and political climate of the 1960s gave rise to a model of corrections.

The ______________ were a group that looked to the social, economic, biological, and psychological rather than religious or moral explanations for the causes of crime.

The Auburn System focused on a congregate system of operations.