Question 1

Chen and Siegler's study about 1- and 2-year-olds' use of tools demonstrated that the older toddlers were more likely than were the younger toddlers to

Accepted Answer

A)  try to use their hands instead of a tool. 
B)  generalize the causal nature of what they had learned on previous problems to new superficially different tools. 
C)  ask their mothers for help. 
D)  search actively for causes when no cause was apparent.

Question 2

Lack of visual experience during _____ limits subsequent spatial development.

Accepted Answer

A)  early infancy 
B)  toddlerhood 
C)  childhood 
D)  adolescence

Question 3

The finding that babies smile less at rabbits than they do at people indicates that they

Accepted Answer

A)  can distinguish between animals and inanimate objects. 
B)  can differentiate between people and other animals. 
C)  know that animals and humans both belong to the category of living things. 
D)  have all of these skills.

Question 4

General ideas or understandings that can be used to group together objects, events, qualities, or abstractions that are similar in some way are referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  concepts. 
B)  perceptions. 
C)  theories. 
D)  beliefs.

Question 5

Which pair would Iris, a 6-month-old infant, be MOST likely to place in the same category?

Accepted Answer

A)  elephant and fish 
B)  chandelier and chair 
C)  towel and rug 
D)  baby and caterpillar

Question 6

Jerome is now 2 years old. This means that his understanding of the connection between people's _____ and actions is likely established.

Accepted Answer

A)  beliefs 
B)  desires 
C)  abilities 
D)  goals

Question 7

In the study in which 9- to- 11-month-old infants were shown a series of actions and then given opportunities to reproduce the actions, _____ was necessary for the infants to reproduce the actions accurately.

Accepted Answer

A)  a causal relationship among the actions 
B)  prior experience with the objects 
C)  practice reproducing the actions 
D)  an opportunity to crawl to the objects on their own

Question 8

Which group is made up of members of the same perceptual category?

Accepted Answer

A)  lizard, kangaroo, salmon 
B)  mat, hat, cat 
C)  sofa, grandfather clock, table 
D)  iPad, picture frame, book

Question 9

Harry, a 3-year-old, is shown a raisin box and then is shown that the box contains pennies. If asked what he had thought the box contained before being shown its true contents, Harry will MOST likely say he had thought it contained

Accepted Answer

A)  raisins. 
B)  pennies. 
C)  popcorn. 
D)  quarters.

Question 10

Amelia, a 5-year-old, is told a story about a girl named Brenda. Brenda is looking for her favorite doll. Although Brenda thinks the doll is under the bed, it really is in the kitchen cabinet. When Amelia is asked where Brenda will look for her doll, Amelia will MOST likely predict that Brenda will look in which location(s)?

Accepted Answer

A)  under the bed 
B)  in the kitchen cabinet 
C)  in the garage 
D)  both under the bed and in the kitchen cabinet

Question 11

Anna, a 6-month-old infant, is being tickled on the tummy by her grandmother. The grandmother repeatedly tickles Anna twice and then pauses for Anna's giggles. With the tickles, Anna's grandmother says, "Beep, beep." After a minute or so of this, Anna becomes bored and stops giggling. Anna's grandmother then changes the pattern to three tickles and "Beep, beep, beep." Which response to the change in number of tickles is Anna MOST likely to make?

Accepted Answer

A)  Anna remains bored. 
B)  Anna begins to giggle again. 
C)  Anna adds two and three and giggles five times. 
D)  Anna says, "Wow, three tickles!"

Question 12

_____ is the realization that all sets of N objects have something in common.

Accepted Answer

A)  Numeric arithmetic 
B)  Counting 
C)  Abstraction 
D)  Numerical equality

Question 13

Grouping together objects that have similar appearances is referred to as _____ categorization.

Accepted Answer

A)  perceptual 
B)  manifestation 
C)  picture 
D)  observation

Question 14

Which statement BEST expresses Piaget's beliefs about infants' spatial representations?

Accepted Answer

A)  Self-locomotion is key to the development of spatial coding. 
B)  Landmarks are necessary for infants' spatial coding. 
C)  Infants are able to code space correctly only if they remain in a single location. 
D)  Infants' ability to reach for objects precedes their development of spatial coding.

Question 15

Trevor is in preschool and loves tractor tailors. Which question would he be LEAST likely to ask his teacher about a tractor trailer?

Accepted Answer

A)  What are trucks for? 
B)  What do trucks like to eat? 
C)  How much stuff can fit in that truck? 
D)  Why are trucks so big?

Question 16

_____ appears to be a major factor in infants' development of a sense of space independent of their own location.

Accepted Answer

A)  Direct instruction from adults 
B)  Experience being carried around complex rooms 
C)  Self-locomotion 
D)  The ability to sit up

Question 17

The study that compared the spatial skills of aboriginal children growing up in the Australian desert with those of their White peers growing up in Australian cities demonstrated that

Accepted Answer

A)  the lack of pressure exerted by parents of White children to develop spatial skills enabled children to gain greater insight into spatial orientations. 
B)  the lack of human-made landmarks, such as street signs, in the desert resulted in poor spatial ability in aboriginal children. 
C)  familiarity of context, not the importance of spatial ability in everyday life, was associated with the memory for spatial location. 
D)  the importance of spatial ability in aboriginal culture resulted in better memory for spatial location in aboriginal children regardless of context.

Question 18

Which category would a young child be MOST likely to learn first?

Accepted Answer

A)  color 
B)  blue 
C)  sky blue 
D)  dark blue

Question 19

A commonsense level of understanding of other people and oneself is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  naïve psychology. 
B)  basic psychology. 
C)  an informal theory. 
D)  theory of mind.

Question 20

Which statement BEST describes the ability of 6-month-old infants to use landmarks to code the locations of hidden objects?

Accepted Answer

A)  Six-month-old infants are unable to use landmarks. 
B)  Six-month-old infants are able to use landmarks when there is only a single landmark and it is very close to the hidden object. 
C)  Six-month-old infants are able to use landmarks when there are many possible landmarks and one landmark is located right next to the hidden object. 
D)  Six-month-old infants are able to use landmarks regardless of the number of landmarks and proximity to the hidden object.

Exam 7: Conceptual Development