Question 1

Which type of bias is the result of nonrandom sampling and causes some members of the population to have a lesser chance of being chosen for the sample than others?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sampling 
B)  Selection 
C)  Information 
D)  Compliance

Question 2

What allows you to use sampling to make your predictions instead of examining each and every member of a population?

Accepted Answer

A)  Standard deviation 
B)  Central limit theorem 
C)  Statistical significance 
D)  Standard error

Question 3

What type of sample would you be using if you gave surveys to the first 75 patients who arrived for appointments at your orthopedic office?

Accepted Answer

A)  Convenience sampling 
B)  Judgment sampling 
C)  Quota sampling 
D)  Snowball sampling

Question 4

For a normal curve, one standard deviation from the mean comprises what percentage of the observations?

Accepted Answer

A)  42% 
B)  68% 
C)  75% 
D)  95%

Question 5

Probabilities are expressed as numbers or percentages.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The likelihood that an event will happen is referred to as what?

Accepted Answer

A)  Probability 
B)  Inference 
C)  Significance 
D)  Assumption

Question 7

A correlation of _____ would mean that a high score on one variable has an analogous low value on the opposite variable.

Accepted Answer

A)  1.0 
B)  -1.0 
C)  0.5 
D)  0

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT an example of an inferential statistics question?

Accepted Answer

A)  Is the length of stay longer for an open or laparoscopic type of surgery? 
B)  Is productivity the same for both remote and in-house coders? 
C)  Which shift has the greatest number of medical errors? 
D)  What is the average salary for pediatricians working in New York in 2014?

Question 9

For a normal curve, three standard deviations from the mean comprises what percentage of the observations?

Accepted Answer

A)  48% 
B)  72% 
C)  95% 
D)  99%

Question 10

A study found that fewer than 100 patients were very satisfied with their hospital stay after a hip-replacement surgery. This is an example of which type of hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Primary 
B)  Probability 
C)  Null 
D)  Alternative

Question 11

Which type of sampling relies entirely on the common sense of the researcher doing the study?

Accepted Answer

A)  Convenience sampling 
B)  Judgment sampling 
C)  Quota sampling 
D)  Snowball sampling

Question 12

Which type of general sampling uses a variety of methods to avoid bias by choosing a random selection of patients for their study?

Accepted Answer

A)  Convenience samples 
B)  Nonprobability samples 
C)  Probability samples 
D)  Snowball samples

Question 13

The sample mean would be the same as the ________ if you "sampled" every single item in the population.

Accepted Answer

A)  standard deviation 
B)  population mean 
C)  statistical significance 
D)  standard error

Question 14

If you decide to examine every 10th medical record for a particular type of procedure, what type of sampling method are you using?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cluster samples 
B)  Simple random samples 
C)  Systemic random samples 
D)  Stratified random samples

Question 15

If you accept the null that it is not raining and it is actually raining, then you have made which type of error?

Accepted Answer

A)  Type I 
B)  Type II 
C)  Type III 
D)  No error was made

Question 16

With a large enough sample, usually _____ or greater, the means will be normally distributed even if the scores themselves are not.

Accepted Answer

A)  120 
B)  90 
C)  60 
D)  30

Question 17

Which type of probability sampling divides a population into groups, then randomly selects a number of those groups to study?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cluster samples 
B)  Simple random samples 
C)  Systemic random samples 
D)  Stratified random samples

Question 18

Which type of sampling is used to easily and inexpensively approximate results without the time and expense of a probability sample?

Accepted Answer

A)  Convenience sampling 
B)  Judgment sampling 
C)  Quota sampling 
D)  Snowball sampling

Question 19

Which type of probability sampling uses a method where each member of the population has the same chance of being selected as any other member?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cluster samples 
B)  Simple random samples 
C)  Nonprobability samples 
D)  Convenience samples

Question 20

If you were studying a rare disease, such as Progeria, and asked a patient with that condition to put you in touch with other patients who had the disease, this would be an example of which type of sampling?

Accepted Answer

A)  Quota sampling 
B)  Snowball sampling 
C)  Cluster samples 
D)  Simple random samples

Exam 10: Predicting Data

Which type of bias is the result of nonrandom sampling and causes some members of the population to have a lesser chance of being chosen for the sample than others?

What allows you to use sampling to make your predictions instead of examining each and every member of a population?

What type of sample would you be using if you gave surveys to the first 75 patients who arrived for appointments at your orthopedic office?

For a normal curve, one standard deviation from the mean comprises what percentage of the observations?

Probabilities are expressed as numbers or percentages.

The likelihood that an event will happen is referred to as what?

A correlation of _____ would mean that a high score on one variable has an analogous low value on the opposite variable.

Which of the following is NOT an example of an inferential statistics question?

For a normal curve, three standard deviations from the mean comprises what percentage of the observations?

A study found that fewer than 100 patients were very satisfied with their hospital stay after a hip-replacement surgery. This is an example of which type of hypothesis?

Which type of sampling relies entirely on the common sense of the researcher doing the study?

Which type of general sampling uses a variety of methods to avoid bias by choosing a random selection of patients for their study?

The sample mean would be the same as the ________ if you "sampled" every single item in the population.

If you decide to examine every 10th medical record for a particular type of procedure, what type of sampling method are you using?

If you accept the null that it is not raining and it is actually raining, then you have made which type of error?

With a large enough sample, usually _____ or greater, the means will be normally distributed even if the scores themselves are not.

Which type of probability sampling divides a population into groups, then randomly selects a number of those groups to study?

Which type of sampling is used to easily and inexpensively approximate results without the time and expense of a probability sample?

Which type of probability sampling uses a method where each member of the population has the same chance of being selected as any other member?

If you were studying a rare disease, such as Progeria, and asked a patient with that condition to put you in touch with other patients who had the disease, this would be an example of which type of sampling?