Question 1

A person at the social level of Maslow's hierarchy will be motivated by:

Accepted Answer

A)  job security. 
B)  merit pay increases. 
C)  participation in decision making. 
D)  a compatible supervisor. 
E)  good fringe benefits.

Question 2

Which of the following items does NOT accurately describe satisfier factors in the two-factor theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Satisfiers contribute to job satisfaction. 
B)  Satisfiers refer to the nature of the job itself. 
C)  Satisfiers prevent job dissatisfaction from occurring. 
D)  Satisfiers reflect the things that turn people on. 
E)  Satisfiers include a sense of achievement, recognition, responsibility, advancement or personal growth.

Question 3

In the expectancy theory of motivation, the value the individual assigns to possible rewards and other work-related outcomes is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  instrumentality. 
B)  comparable worth. 
C)  the multiplier effect. 
D)  valence. 
E)  expectancy.

Question 4

In the expectancy theory of motivation, the person's belief that successful performance will be followed by rewards or other potential outcomes is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  comparable worth. 
B)  the multiplier effect. 
C)  valence. 
D)  expectancy. 
E)  instrumentality.

Question 5

__________ focuses on the issue of whether people doing jobs of similar value based on required education, training and skills should receive similar pay.

Accepted Answer

A)  Job value 
B)  Job equity 
C)  Comparable worth 
D)  Skills-based pay 
E)  Gender equity

Question 6

All of the following are guidelines for the effective use of punishment EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  tell the individual what is being done wrong. 
B)  make sure the punishment matches the behaviour. 
C)  tell the individual what is being done right. 
D)  punish openly and in public. 
E)  follow the laws of contingent and immediate reinforcement.

Question 7

Maslow's __________ holds that a need at one level does not become activated until the next lower level need is already satisfied.

Accepted Answer

A)  reinforcement principle 
B)  hierarchy principle 
C)  progression principle 
D)  satisfier principle 
E)  deficit principle

Question 8

High need achievers prefer work that:

Accepted Answer

A)  involves individual responsibility for results. 
B)  involves achievable but challenging goals. 
C)  provides feedback on performance. 
D)  All of the options listed 
E)  None of the options listed

Question 9

Paying people for their performance is consistent with which of the following motivation theories?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hierarchy of needs, ERG and acquired-needs theories 
B)  ERG, acquired-needs and equity theories 
C)  Equity, expectancy and reinforcement theories 
D)  Hierarchy of needs, ERG and two-factor theories 
E)  ERG, equity and expectancy theories

Question 10

Describe the key concepts in the expectancy theory of motivation. How do these concepts explain the level of motivation that a person may display at work?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the key concepts in the expectancy...

Question 11

According to McClelland's acquired needs theory, the need for __________ reflects the desire to do something better or more efficiently, to solve problems or to master complex tasks.

Accepted Answer

A)  affiliation 
B)  achievement 
C)  self-actualisation 
D)  power 
E)  growth

Question 12

A manager will seek to enhance a worker's self-efficacy by increasing their:

Accepted Answer

A)  confidence. 
B)  competence. 
C)  ability. 
D)  All of the options listed 
E)  None of the options listed

Question 13

__________ are clear and desirable performance targets.

Accepted Answer

A)  Instrumentalities 
B)  Task goals 
C)  Expectancies 
D)  Punishers 
E)  Reinforcers

Question 14

__________ offer advice and insight on how people actually make choices to work hard or not, based on their individual preferences, the available rewards and possible work outcomes.

Accepted Answer

A)  Leadership theories 
B)  Behavioural planning theories 
C)  Process theories of motivation 
D)  Decision-making theories 
E)  Content theories of motivation

Question 15

In a __________ pay plan, specific formulas are used to calculate both the performance contributions and the incentive pay.

Accepted Answer

A)  merit 
B)  profit-sharing 
C)  skills-based 
D)  bonus 
E)  gain-sharing

Question 16

Briefly describe various incentive compensation systems that can be used to influence work motivation?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Briefly describe various incentive compensation systems that...

Question 17

In using goal setting theory, managers should do all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  separate rewards from goal accomplishment. 
B)  provide feedback on goal accomplishment. 
C)  set challenging goals. 
D)  clarify goal priorities. 
E)  set specific goals.

Question 18

A pay for knowledge program that pays workers according to the number of job-relevant skills they master is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  specialty-based pay. 
B)  knowledge-based pay. 
C)  skills-based pay. 
D)  experience-based pay. 
E)  bonus pay.

Question 19

Which of the following descriptions of employee share ownership plans is/are CORRECT?

Accepted Answer

A)  Some firms provide employees with share options, which give the option holder the right to buy stock at a future date at a fixed price. 
B)  Share option plans provide employees with an incentive to work hard to raise the firm's stock price, so that they can purchase it at a discount in the future. 
C)  While share options are most common in senior executive compensation packages, its use is spreading to include lower level employees. 
D)  All of the options listed 
E)  None of the options listed

Question 20

__________ is the process of applying the law of effect to control behaviour by manipulating its consequences.

Accepted Answer

A)  Outcome conditioning 
B)  Operant conditioning 
C)  Expectancy development 
D)  Outcome management 
E)  Equity exchange

Exam 15: Motivation and Rewards