Question 1

"Those who cannot attack the thought will attack the thinker." This oft-stated maxim neatly summarizes a(n) ________ argument.

Accepted Answer

A)  ad ignorantiam 
B)  ad populum 
C)  heuristic 
D)  ad hominem

Question 2

In stage two of Kohlberg's model, referred to as a(n) _____ orientation, an individual bases moral decisions on looking out for their his or her needs.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In stage two of Kohlberg's model, referred...

Question 3

Kenny is taking his 12-year-old daughter, Nikki, to the hospital late one night after she fell out of bed and cut her head. She is holding a bloody towel to the gash on her forehead as Kenny sits waiting at a red traffic light. He checks oncoming traffic, sees that there are no cars coming in either direction, and decides to drive through the red light to get her to the hospital faster. This decision to break a well-understood rule of driving reflects the _________ substage of postconventional morality in Kohlberg's theory.

Accepted Answer

A)  social contract 
B)  social systems morality 
C)  universal ethics 
D)  instrumental orientation

Question 4

________ is a disease in which people alternate between binge eating and purging.

Accepted Answer

A)  Anorexia nervosa 
B)  Bulimia nervosa 
C)  Orthorexia nervosa 
D)  Rumination disorder

Question 5

Field hockey is the most popular high school sport for girls.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

According to Walker (1980), what is the value of being exposed to more advanced ways of thinking about moral issues for adolescents?

Accepted Answer

A)  It helps to reduce the guilt that they experience when they engage in behaviors that they know are immoral. 
B)  It sets them up to understand that there is no such thing as a "truly moral decision," so they are then free to determine right and wrong for themselves. 
C)  It reinforces that their current ways of assessing morally ambiguous situations is accurate. 
D)  It causes them to think differently about morality and promotes developmental change.

Question 7

Name and describe the three different types of argument fallacies that adolescents learn to identify. Which of these seems to be the easiest for them to identify? Which is the most difficult?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Name and describe the three different types...

Question 8

Which of the following historical figures is noted by your textbook as an example of an individual who clearly moved through all three stages of Kohlberg's theory over the course of his or her lifetime?

Accepted Answer

A)  Winston Churchill 
B)  Oskar Schindler 
C)  Joan of Arc 
D)  Theodore Roosevelt

Question 9

For the average adolescent, "regular activity" means exercising for at least ____ minutes, at least ____ times per week.

Accepted Answer

A)  75; 5 
B)  60; 3 
C)  45; 4 
D)  30; 3

Question 10

The technical definition of "overweight" is based on the ________, which is an adjusted ration of weight to height.

Accepted Answer

A)  leptin uptake pace (LUP) 
B)  body mass index (BMI) 
C)  mean dormant metabolic output (MDMO) 
D)  basal metabolic rate (BMR)

Question 11

Of the following individuals, how many are getting "regular activity?" Marco exercises twice a week for 1 to 2 hours; Jennifer exercises 4 times a week for about 45 minutes; Angela exercises every Sunday by going for a 3 to 4 hour bicycle ride; Benignus exercises 3 days a week for about 30 to 40 minutes.

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4

Question 12

Some have criticized Kohlberg's theory because it places an emphasis on ________, which reflects traditional American culture and Judeo-Christian values.

Accepted Answer

A)  relationships between individuals 
B)  justice and individual rights 
C)  empathy and sympathy 
D)  dominance hierarchies

Question 13

In what way is genetics most directly related to a child's risk of developing obesity?

Accepted Answer

A)  Heredity determines whether a child is more or less likely to be sedentary, thus putting him/her at risk for putting on unhealthy weight. 
B)  Heredity determines whether you can or cannot be an athlete, and thus get enough exercise to burn off the calories that you consume. 
C)  Heredity may set a person's basal metabolic rate, which determines how quickly the body burns calories. 
D)  Heredity determines whether your pubertal growth spurt will increase your body's calorie needs enough to cause you to lose your "baby fat," and thus prevent you from developing adolescent or adulthood obesity.

Question 14

Some critics of Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of morality have suggested that he was overfocused on the moral decision-making of boys and did not attend enough to the development of morality in girls.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Franklin is raising his son, Marshall, using an authoritative parenting style, which encourages discussion and interaction between them. When it comes to moral dilemmas, they frequently discuss the situations, and have friendly and respectful "back and forth" conversations. Which of the following is most likely to result from these exchanges?

Accepted Answer

A)  Marshall will adopt Franklin's views of moral decision-making. 
B)  Marshall will develop a mature style of reasoning about morality. 
C)  Marshall will learn that morality is all relative and will actually become less moral as a result. 
D)  Marshall and Franklin will eventually start experiencing great conflict over their inability to see morality in the same way.

Question 16

Your authors note that for many high school students, physical education classes are their own form of exercise and that most who are enrolled in such classes do not attend on a daily basis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Of the following choices, which individual is most likely to have a greater amount of concern for others and to place an emphasis on helping them?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rosemary, who converted to her husband's religion when they were married so that his family would accept her. She doesn't really belief in God, but she smiles and accompanies him to religious events to be supportive of his faith. 
B)  Dahlia, who was raised Catholic and is now agnostic. 
C)  Malka, who occasionally goes to temple but who does not have any strong commitment to her Jewish faith. 
D)  Lhana, who is actively involved with the youth group at her church.

Question 18

Diane is sitting in her eighth grade class and, unlike her classmates, is working quietly and doing her assignment. The teacher is constantly scolding the other students to sit down, be quiet, and get to work. "Diane," the teacher calls out, "thank you for cooperating and for working so hard." Diane's enjoyment of this "good girl" praise might reflect the ________ substage of Kohlberg's conventional level of moral development.

Accepted Answer

A)  universal ethical standards 
B)  interpersonal norms 
C)  instrumental orientation 
D)  social systems morality

Question 19

A very serious problem related to participation in organized athletics during adolescence is

Accepted Answer

A)  the risk of serious injury, which happens to many high school athletes. 
B)  the risk of becoming socially ostracized if one is not victorious on their team. 
C)  the use of illegal drugs to enhance performance. 
D)  the likelihood of getting involved in inter-school fights over team loyalty.

Question 20

Children who are in the upper ______ percent of their body mass index are defined as being overweight.

Accepted Answer

A)  2 
B)  5 
C)  10 
D)  15

Exam 8: Rites of Passage: Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence

"Those who cannot attack the thought will attack the thinker." This oft-stated maxim neatly summarizes a(n) ________ argument.

In stage two of Kohlberg's model, referred to as a(n) _____ orientation, an individual bases moral decisions on looking out for their his or her needs.

________ is a disease in which people alternate between binge eating and purging.

Field hockey is the most popular high school sport for girls.

According to Walker (1980) , what is the value of being exposed to more advanced ways of thinking about moral issues for adolescents?

Name and describe the three different types of argument fallacies that adolescents learn to identify. Which of these seems to be the easiest for them to identify? Which is the most difficult?

Which of the following historical figures is noted by your textbook as an example of an individual who clearly moved through all three stages of Kohlberg's theory over the course of his or her lifetime?

For the average adolescent, "regular activity" means exercising for at least minutes, at least times per week.

The technical definition of "overweight" is based on the ________, which is an adjusted ration of weight to height.

Some have criticized Kohlberg's theory because it places an emphasis on ________, which reflects traditional American culture and Judeo-Christian values.

In what way is genetics most directly related to a child's risk of developing obesity?

Some critics of Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of morality have suggested that he was overfocused on the moral decision-making of boys and did not attend enough to the development of morality in girls.

Your authors note that for many high school students, physical education classes are their own form of exercise and that most who are enrolled in such classes do not attend on a daily basis.

Of the following choices, which individual is most likely to have a greater amount of concern for others and to place an emphasis on helping them?

A very serious problem related to participation in organized athletics during adolescence is

Children who are in the upper ______ percent of their body mass index are defined as being overweight.