Question 1

Adit is studying for a biology test. After 7 consecutive hours of studying, he finds he can remember what he just finished studying, but he can no longer remember what he studied 5 or 6 hours ago. Adit's memory problems are BEST explained by __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  proactive interference 
B)  retrograde amnesia 
C)  memory diffusion 
D)  retroactive interference

Question 2

Short-term memory is where information is held while it is conscious and being used.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

When Rip Van Winkle returns to his native village after 20 years of sleeping in the mountains, he goes immediately to the location of his former house and asks for his wife and children by name. The kind of memory that Mr. Van Winkle is exhibiting is __________ memory.

Accepted Answer

A)  procedural 
B)  semantic 
C)  episodic 
D)  eidetic

Question 4

Evidence suggests that nondeclarative memories are stored in the hippocampus, whereas short-term memories are stored in the occipital and temporal lobes of the cortex.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Personal facts and memories of one's personal history are parts of ___________ memory.

Accepted Answer

A)  episodic 
B)  nondeclarative 
C)  declarative 
D)  semantic

Question 6

A system that allows people to retain information over time is called __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  memory 
B)  cognition 
C)  a computer 
D)  intelligence

Question 7

Sitting in a very noisy restaurant, you are able to screen out all the other conversations around you so you can listen to the friend with whom you are conversing. This is an example of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Broadbent's forgetting theory 
B)  the homecoming-queen party phenomenon 
C)  selective attention 
D)  intimacy

Question 8

A patient's chart indicates that she just had surgery to remove her hippocampi as a result of a tumor. What change do you anticipate in the patient after the operation?

Accepted Answer

A)  She will not be able to process colors. 
B)  She will have problems experiencing hunger. 
C)  She will not be able to remember new information. 
D)  She will not be able to perform tasks such as block designs.

Question 9

The most influential researcher into eyewitness memory has been __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Broadbent 
B)  Sperling 
C)  Loftus 
D)  Treisman

Question 10

__________ is defined as an active system that receives information from the senses, organizes and alters information as it stores it away, and then retrieves the information from storage.

Accepted Answer

A)  Classical conditioning 
B)  Operant conditioning 
C)  Learning 
D)  Memory

Question 11

The information-processing model of memory is one of the best-known models in all of psychology. Describe the three stages of memory and their characteristics. Explain how the three-stage model of memory might explain the famous serial position effect.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The information-processing model of memory is one...

Question 12

Chunking aids __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  understanding 
B)  perception 
C)  retention 
D)  encoding

Question 13

The case of H. M., a famous amnesiac, gave researchers solid information that the __________ is important in storing new long-term memories.

Accepted Answer

A)  hippocampus 
B)  amygdala 
C)  frontal lobe 
D)  cerebellum

Question 14

__________ memories are said to linger in the mind for a few seconds, allowing people the chance to keep up with the flow of conversations and remember what was just said.

Accepted Answer

A)  Echoic 
B)  Iconic 
C)  Short-term 
D)  Long-term

Question 15

Flashbulb memories __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  are not subject to periodic revision 
B)  concern events that are highly significant 
C)  are almost always highly accurate 
D)  include a memory's main subject, but not the background events

Question 16

How do retrieval cues help you to remember?

Accepted Answer

A)  They provide inferences. 
B)  They help chunk information. 
C)  They direct you to relevant information stored in long-term memory. 
D)  They provide numbers for ideas.

Question 17

Memory trace decay theory assumes the presence of a physical memory trace that decays with disuse over time.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Patients with anterograde amnesia were taught to solve the Tower of Hanoi puzzle. It was later found that they __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  remembered solving the puzzle and could do so again 
B)  didn't remember the puzzle and couldn't solve it 
C)  remembered solving the puzzle but couldn't do it again 
D)  didn't remember solving the puzzle but could do it again

Question 19

Silas can remember only the first two items and the last two items on the grocery list that his wife just read to him over the phone. The other five items in between are gone. This is an example of the __________ effect.

Accepted Answer

A)  encoding specificity 
B)  serial position 
C)  TOT 
D)  reintegrative

Question 20

Based on the Loftus, et al. (1978) study, subjects viewed a slide presentation of an accident, and some of the subjects were asked a question about a blue car, when the actual slides contained pictures of a green car. When these same subjects were asked about the color of the car at the accident, they were found to be confused. This is an example of the __________ effect.

Accepted Answer

A)  instant replay 
B)  constructive processing 
C)  levels-of-processing 
D)  misinformation

Exam 6: Memory

Adit is studying for a biology test. After 7 consecutive hours of studying, he finds he can remember what he just finished studying, but he can no longer remember what he studied 5 or 6 hours ago. Adit's memory problems are BEST explained by __________.

Short-term memory is where information is held while it is conscious and being used.

When Rip Van Winkle returns to his native village after 20 years of sleeping in the mountains, he goes immediately to the location of his former house and asks for his wife and children by name. The kind of memory that Mr. Van Winkle is exhibiting is __________ memory.

Evidence suggests that nondeclarative memories are stored in the hippocampus, whereas short-term memories are stored in the occipital and temporal lobes of the cortex.

Personal facts and memories of one's personal history are parts of ___________ memory.

A system that allows people to retain information over time is called __________.

Sitting in a very noisy restaurant, you are able to screen out all the other conversations around you so you can listen to the friend with whom you are conversing. This is an example of __________.

A patient's chart indicates that she just had surgery to remove her hippocampi as a result of a tumor. What change do you anticipate in the patient after the operation?

The most influential researcher into eyewitness memory has been __________.

__________ is defined as an active system that receives information from the senses, organizes and alters information as it stores it away, and then retrieves the information from storage.

The information-processing model of memory is one of the best-known models in all of psychology. Describe the three stages of memory and their characteristics. Explain how the three-stage model of memory might explain the famous serial position effect.

Chunking aids __________.

The case of H. M., a famous amnesiac, gave researchers solid information that the __________ is important in storing new long-term memories.

__________ memories are said to linger in the mind for a few seconds, allowing people the chance to keep up with the flow of conversations and remember what was just said.

Flashbulb memories __________.

How do retrieval cues help you to remember?

Memory trace decay theory assumes the presence of a physical memory trace that decays with disuse over time.

Patients with anterograde amnesia were taught to solve the Tower of Hanoi puzzle. It was later found that they __________.

Silas can remember only the first two items and the last two items on the grocery list that his wife just read to him over the phone. The other five items in between are gone. This is an example of the __________ effect.