Question 1

A discriminative stimulus is a stimulus that signals that a(n) _________ is available. It is said to "_________" for the behavior.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A discriminative stimulus is a stimulus that...

Question 2

A primary reinforcer can also be called a(n) _____ reinforcer.

Accepted Answer

A)  conditioned 
B)  unconditioned 
C)  generalized conditioned 
D)  intrinsic

Question 3

For a male Betta splendens , the sight of another male can act as a

Accepted Answer

A)  releasing stimulus. 
B)  positive reinforcer. 
C)  Both a and b are correct. 
D)  Neither a nor b is correct.

Question 4

When Hai visits his parents, he whines a lot about how unappreciated he is at work. It seems likely that the presence of his parents is _____ for his whining.

Accepted Answer

A)  a discriminative stimulus 
B)  a reinforcer 
C)  reinforcement 
D)  a conditioned stimulus

Question 5

Jim compliments his secretary on her new outfit when she offers to bring him coffee one morning. She never offers to bring him coffee again. Which of the following types of processes is illustrated in this scenario?

Accepted Answer

A)  Positive reinforcement 
B)  Negative reinforcement 
C)  Positive punishment 
D)  Negative punishment

Question 6

Andre praises his young daughter for being assertive, after which she becomes even more assertive. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  negative reinforcement. 
B)  positive reinforcement. 
C)  negative punishment. 
D)  positive punishment.

Question 7

A(n) _____ stimulus serves as a signal that a response will be followed by a reinforcer.

Accepted Answer

A)  operant 
B)  discriminative 
C)  conditioned 
D)  appetitive

Question 8

Skinner divided behaviors into two categories:

Accepted Answer

A)  operant and instrumental. 
B)  conditioned and unconditioned. 
C)  primary and secondary. 
D)  operant and respondent.

Question 9

Define natural and contrived reinforcers, and provide an example of each.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define natural and contrived reinforcers, and provide...

Question 10

Each time Jana learns a new piece on the piano and can play it without error, she gets to have her favorite dessert for dinner. Chances are that Jana's interest in playing the piano is likely to

Accepted Answer

A)  decrease. 
B)  increase. 
C)  remain unchanged. 
D)  drop sharply.

Question 11

The advantages of using a click or a whistle as a secondary reinforcer during shaping include that

Accepted Answer

A)  it can be delivered immediately following the correct behavior. 
B)  satiation will take longer to occur. 
C)  Both a and b are correct. 
D)  Neither a nor b is correct.

Question 12

What is a discriminative stimulus? Define the three-term contingency and diagram an example. Be sure to include the appropriate symbol for each component in the example.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is a discriminative stimulus? Define the...

Question 13

Paula laughs at her child when he breaks a dish. As result, he breaks dishes more frequently. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  negative punishment. 
B)  negative reinforcement. 
C)  positive reinforcement. 
D)  positive punishment.

Question 14

Properly speaking, reinforcers and punishers are formally defined entirely by

Accepted Answer

A)  their intensity. 
B)  the probability of their occurrence. 
C)  their effect on behavior. 
D)  the extent to which they are perceived as pleasant versus unpleasant.

Question 15

Sam's favorite color is red.  Sam received a green popsicle for sharing his toys. The green popsicle is a _____ for Sam's sharing.

Accepted Answer

A)  reinforcer 
B)  punisher 
C)  conditioned stimulus 
D)  None of these are correct. Further information is needed to determine the answer.

Question 16

A stimulus that signals that a previously available reinforcement will be unavailable is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  a discriminative stimulus for punishment. 
B)  a discriminative stimulus for extinction. 
C)  a conditioned stimulus. 
D)  an unconditioned stimulus.

Question 17

Putting on a heavy parka before going out into the cold is an example of a(n) _____ response, while putting it on after you go outside and feel cold is an example of a(n) _____ response.

Accepted Answer

A)  operant; reflexive 
B)  avoidance; escape 
C)  escape; avoidance 
D)  reflexive; operant

Question 18

Behaviors that are influenced by their consequences are called _____ behaviors.

Accepted Answer

A)  operant 
B)  classical 
C)  elicited 
D)  deficit

Question 19

Watching a movie is a _____ reinforcer for going to a movie theatre.

Accepted Answer

A)  contrived 
B)  natural 
C)  primary 
D)  negative

Question 20

"I'll do anything to avoid housework." This statement speaks to the power of

Accepted Answer

A)  positive reinforcement. 
B)  negative reinforcement. 
C)  positive punishment. 
D)  negative punishment.

Exam 6: Operant Conditioning Introduction

A discriminative stimulus is a stimulus that signals that a(n) _ is available. It is said to "_" for the behavior.