Question 1

What is meant by the term learned helplessness?

Accepted Answer

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Question 2

Discuss the role literacy assessment and UDL principles play in helping children develop literacy skills.

Accepted Answer

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Question 3

All of the following factors affect a learner's reading comprehension, EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) background knowledge and experience. 
B) level of interest in reading and content. 
C) gender and ethnicity. 
D) knowledge of language, including vocabulary.​

Question 4

All the following statements on literacy instruction are true, EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) collaborative partnerships are important so strategies are reinforced and integrated into a variety of settings. 
B) schools may benefit from exploring scheduling arrangement that foster collaboration and have a positive impact on literacy. 
C) literacy instruction is broad, complex, and one size does not fit all. 
D) if students fail to develop literacy skills in elementary school, they are likely to remain illiterate into adulthood.

Question 5

Many learners find spelling a real challenge for all the following reasons, EXCEPT: imany cases, the way a word is spelled does not directly correspond to its sounds.

Accepted Answer

A) inconsistent patterns exist within the English language. 
B) the acceptable spelling of words typically varies across school districts, i.e. organization vs. organisation; bank vs. banque. 
C) our language is constantly changing as new words are formed in the media and in response to changing technologies. 
D) in many cases, the way a word is spelled does not directly correspond to its sounds.

Question 6

Fernald's 'say, spell, then trace the word with one finger' spelling strategy can be adapted to a variety of learning styles by having students trace the word:​

Accepted Answer

A) in a tray of salt.​ 
B) in the air. 
C)  on a student's back. 
D) All of the choices are correct.

Question 7

Give reasons why learning English vocabulary can be confusing to native English speakers, and even more so to those who are trying to learn the English language.

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Question 8

Some students with disabilities may be able to decode text and gain some information from the reading, but have difficulties finding main ideas or in tasks such as sequencing and paraphrasing because they lack the ______________ skills required to organize these processes.​

Accepted Answer

A) syntax 
B) metacognitive​ 
C) fine motor 
D) receptive language

Question 9

Compare and contrast the different methods and resources used in promoting literacy.

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Question 10

Regardless of the type of instruction used, many children learn to read by ________, however many other students need direct instruction to progress.​

Accepted Answer

A) pre-school 
B) kindergarten 
C) first grade 
D) second grade

Question 11

Activities such as reading books aloud together, singing songs, and chanting rhymes are critical early literacy activities used in developing:​

Accepted Answer

A) fluency. 
B) word recognition. 
C) phonemic awareness. 
D) phonics.

Question 12

Dolch sight word lists are typically used in assessing:​

Accepted Answer

A) phonemic awareness.​ 
B) spelling accuracy. 
C) fluency. 
D) word recognition skills.

Question 13

Reading materials that contain few unknown words but reinforce the words a student is learning help to develop automaticity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

For students who cannot access information through printed materials, a video clip or other multimedia anchor can be used to accomplish all of the following, EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) provide background information. 
B) activate prior knowledge.​ 
C) assess readiness for learning. 
D) increase engagement.

Question 15

How can echo reading and phonic phones help a student increase reading fluency?

Accepted Answer

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Question 16

Comprehension and fluency are often lost when a student has to spend too much time and mental energy in decoding a text.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Schools with high poverty, minority, and special education populations have seen literacy improvements when all of the following are in place, EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) teachers use differentiated instruction to teach the same content and objectives to all students. 
B) doctors prescribe medications to help students focus. 
C) collaborative partnerships are formed with reading specialists and special educators.​ 
D) collaborative partnerships are formed with peers and family members.

Question 18

Which of following ways to modify the presentation of the text is the LEAST simple to implement?​

Accepted Answer

A) Using frames​ 
B) Creating e-books 
C) Using color overlays​ 
D) Using an enlarged font

Question 19

Encouraging students to listen to or read a chunk of materials then summarize or ______________ it in their own words is a useful strategy to help diverse students increase comprehension skills.

Accepted Answer

A) memorize 
B) recite​ 
C) expand upon 
D) paraphrase

Question 20

In order for reading achievement and comprehension to occur, an extensive reading __________ is needed.

Accepted Answer

A) fluency 
B) vocabulary 
C) grade-level textbook 
D) aptitude

Exam 13: Creating Literacy Rich Environments for All Learners