Question 1

What is explicit memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  A standard by which a decision is made 
B)  The spontaneous recollection of a childhood memory 
C)  The conscious recollection of information 
D)  Remembering without conscious awareness

Question 2

_______ is a system whereby information is received, sorted, organized, stored, and retrieved at a later time.

Accepted Answer

A)  Memory 
B)  Choice criterion 
C)  Storage 
D)  Acceptance

Question 3

Which type of conditioning occurs when a connection is established between the neutral stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus?

Accepted Answer

A)  Episodic 
B)  Higher-order 
C)  Operant 
D)  First-order

Question 4

Lenient return policies encourage purchases, but the cost for the retailers can be high when customers return products. How can operant conditioning be used to discourage consumers from returning their purchases?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Lenient return policies encourage purchases, but the...

Question 5

What must occur for successful storage of a new piece of information?

Accepted Answer

A)  Acceptance 
B)  Composition 
C)  Retention 
D)  Exposure

Question 6

Short-term memory is

Accepted Answer

A)  where sensory information is briefly processed. 
B)  how cognitive learning is established. 
C)  a systematic way of gathering new information. 
D)  where behavioral intelligence is established.

Question 7

What occurs when an individual can distinguish between two stimuli?

Accepted Answer

A)  Operant conditioning 
B)  Stimulus discrimination 
C)  Positive reinforcement 
D)  Stimulus generalization

Question 8

According to observational leaning, behavior is learned

Accepted Answer

A)  when an individual behaves in a certain way to avoid something unpleasant. 
B)  through previous experiences with a stimulus and memories of when the stimulus was encountered. 
C)  when a connection is established between the neutral stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus. 
D)  when we watch what other people do and the outcomes they receive.

Question 9

The _______ model rejects the notion that internal mental processes such as thoughts and feelings are important in learning.

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive 
B)  emotive 
C)  behavioral 
D)  observational

Question 10

Implicit memory

Accepted Answer

A)  disrupts cognitive recollection and retention. 
B)  is remembering without conscious awareness. 
C)  is a rule or a standard by which a decision will be made. 
D)  requires a purposeful effort to access the information.

Question 11

_______ refers to how encoded information is retained in memory.

Accepted Answer

A)  Exposure 
B)  Interpretation 
C)  Storage 
D)  Attention

Question 12

Acceptance or rejection happens when

Accepted Answer

A)  consumers interpret and understand the meaning of the information. 
B)  the sensory system detects information from the environment that is threatening or unpleasant. 
C)  a stimulus goes unnoticed and is not important or valuable to an individual. 
D)  the consumer elaborates on the information and considers any existing choice criteria.

Question 13

What is a choice criterion?

Accepted Answer

A)  The systematic interpretation of new information 
B)  A reinforcement that is no longer motivating 
C)  The nonpurposeful acquisition of knowledge 
D)  A rule or a standard by which a decision will be made

Question 14

How can marketing researchers use information about the structure and content of the memory to create consumer insights?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How can marketing researchers use information about...

Exam 5: Learning and Memory