Question 1

A(n) _______ is an assertion that something is or is not the case and is therefore the kind of utterance that is either true or false.

Accepted Answer

A)  question 
B)  interjection 
C)  statement 
D)  argument

Question 2

If inductive arguments succeed in lending very probable support to their conclusions, they are said to be weak.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

What is the phenomenon of confirmation bias? Give two examples of confirmation bias, hypothetical or actual.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the phenomenon of confirmation bias?...

Question 4

Philosophers provide reasons for thinking their ideas are plausible- that is, they give us

Accepted Answer

A)  arguments. 
B)  mysteries. 
C)  physical symbolism. 
D)  histories.

Question 5

Psychologically available evidence is reliable because vivid memories and the like constitute strong evidence.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Questions like "What is knowledge?" and "What is truth?" are mainstays in the branch of philosophy known as

Accepted Answer

A)  logic. 
B)  metaphysics. 
C)  epistemology. 
D)  aesthetics.

Question 7

In the type of argument known as _______ , we begin with premises about a phenomenon or state of affairs to be explained; then we reason from those premises to an explanation for that state of affairs.

Accepted Answer

A)  analogical induction 
B)  inference to the best explanation 
C)  explanatory deduction 
D)  statistical syllogism

Question 8

The four main divisions of philosophy are metaphysics, epistemology, axiology, and

Accepted Answer

A)  bioethics. 
B)  logic. 
C)  aesthetics. 
D)  categorical logic.

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of the availability error?

Accepted Answer

A)  Believing that pit bulls are dangerous without considering the evidence against your belief. 
B)  Believing that pit bulls are dangerous on the basis of non-expert testimony. 
C)  Believing that pit bulls are dangerous on the basis of a vivid memory you have of a pit bull attack. 
D)  Believing that pit bulls are dangerous without scrutinizing the evidence that supposedly confirms your belief.

Question 10

A deductive argument is an argument intended to give probable support to its conclusion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Modus tollens is a valid argument form.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Arguments that intend to provide logically conclusive support to their conclusions so that if the premises are true, the conclusion must be true, are

Accepted Answer

A)  deductive. 
B)  inductive. 
C)  explanatory. 
D)  cogent.

Question 13

The text says that philosophical inquiry can give you freedom. What does this mean? Explain why you agree or disagree with this claim.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The text says that philosophical inquiry can...

Question 14

According to Socrates, a clear sign that a person has _______ is his or her exclusive pursuit of social status, wealth, power, and pleasure.

Accepted Answer

A)  philosophical ambition 
B)  worldly wisdom 
C)  exceptional desires 
D)  an unhealthy soul

Question 15

The fallacy of _______ is arguing either that (1) a claim is true because it hasn't been proven false or (2) a claim is false because it hasn't been proven true.

Accepted Answer

A)  the genetic fallacy 
B)  appeal to ignorance 
C)  equivocation 
D)  slippery slope

Question 16

Empedocles articulated the basic outlines of natural selection twenty-five centuries ago.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

A good argument must have (1) solid logic and (2)

Accepted Answer

A)  inductive analogies. 
B)  true premises. 
C)  valid conclusions. 
D)  cogent disjunctions.

Question 18

In philosophy-and in any other kind of rational inquiry-accepting a conclusion (statement) without good reasons is an elementary mistake in reasoning.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Aristotle said, "An unexamined life is not worth living."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The key to identifying an argument in context is to first identify the author.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 1: Philosophy and You

A(n) _______ is an assertion that something is or is not the case and is therefore the kind of utterance that is either true or false.

If inductive arguments succeed in lending very probable support to their conclusions, they are said to be weak.

What is the phenomenon of confirmation bias? Give two examples of confirmation bias, hypothetical or actual.

Philosophers provide reasons for thinking their ideas are plausible- that is, they give us

Psychologically available evidence is reliable because vivid memories and the like constitute strong evidence.

Questions like "What is knowledge?" and "What is truth?" are mainstays in the branch of philosophy known as

In the type of argument known as _______ , we begin with premises about a phenomenon or state of affairs to be explained; then we reason from those premises to an explanation for that state of affairs.

The four main divisions of philosophy are metaphysics, epistemology, axiology, and

Which of the following is an example of the availability error?

A deductive argument is an argument intended to give probable support to its conclusion.

Modus tollens is a valid argument form.

Arguments that intend to provide logically conclusive support to their conclusions so that if the premises are true, the conclusion must be true, are

The text says that philosophical inquiry can give you freedom. What does this mean? Explain why you agree or disagree with this claim.

According to Socrates, a clear sign that a person has _______ is his or her exclusive pursuit of social status, wealth, power, and pleasure.

The fallacy of _______ is arguing either that (1) a claim is true because it hasn't been proven false or (2) a claim is false because it hasn't been proven true.

Empedocles articulated the basic outlines of natural selection twenty-five centuries ago.

A good argument must have (1) solid logic and (2)

In philosophy-and in any other kind of rational inquiry-accepting a conclusion (statement) without good reasons is an elementary mistake in reasoning.

Aristotle said, "An unexamined life is not worth living."

The key to identifying an argument in context is to first identify the author.