Question 1

Feminist theorists believe that white collar crime rates will be reduced as soon as
gender equality is achieved.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

When we focus on individual or organizational motivations, we are primarily concerned with which of the following factors?

Accepted Answer

A)  Criminality 
B)  Crime 
C)  Criminalization 
D)  Criminal law

Question 3

Like most theories, Hirschi's social control theory asks why people do not engage
in criminal behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

An increasingly common view in the social sciences today is that human behavior
reflects a mixture of rational choice, emotional input, and value commitments.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which of the following statements made about white collar crime from the perspective of labeling theory is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  White collar offenders are especially vulnerable to being labeled criminals 
B)  Those in the white collar class are more likely to be in a position to shield themselves from being labeled criminal 
C)  Only conventional offenders will engage in further offenses after they have been labeled criminal 
D)  White collar offenders are immune from the stigma of the label of convicted criminal

Question 6

The rational choice perspective has been applied to the decision-making processes
within corporations, as well as to individual offenders.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

In a 2008 survey of the literature on personality and white collar crime, which was not described as a personality attribute of offenders?

Accepted Answer

A)  Charisma 
B)  Lack of integrity 
C)  Feelings of invincibility 
D)  Narcissism

Question 8

Rationalizations for corporate crime would include all but which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  The laws or regulations are incomprehensible and too costly 
B)  Conventional offenses are no different from corporate offenses 
C)  Competitors are violating the laws with impunity 
D)  The violations are economically necessary or do little harm

Question 9

Which phrase best applies to institutional anomie theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Contends that the particular form of illegal conduct is significantly a function of the structure of opportunity 
B)  Sets forth the core theme that competition for limited resources in a society, such as American society that puts such central emphasis upon the
Goal of individual monetary success, will promote crime 
C)  Illegal behavior arises as a means of combating the strain caused by an enduring situation in a society in which a generalized goal of material
Success is promoted, but the means to achieve such success legitimately
Are not equally distributed 
D)  A social psychological syndrome of experiencing negative emotions arising from strains (or negative dimensions) in one's environment

Question 10

The process whereby particular activities, entities and individuals come to be defined as criminal is best characterized as:

Accepted Answer

A)  criminality 
B)  crime 
C)  criminalization 
D)  criminal law

Question 11

The Marxist explanation for white collar crime has been applied to 19ᵗʰ-century
capitalist crimes, but not to similar crimes in the latter part of the 20ᵗʰ -century,
because Marxist theory had lost all prestige with the downfall of communism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Which of the following is not an external factor linked with organizational crime?

Accepted Answer

A)  The political environment 
B)  Economic conditions 
C)  The diffusion of responsibility through different divisions 
D)  Normative traditions within industries

Question 13

Middle managers seem to believe that internal factors take precedence over
external moral values or expectations in guiding their actions on the job.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

There is a general consensus that external factors are more important than internal
variables in determining whether or not corporate crimes will be committed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following is not an internal variable linked with corporate crime?

Accepted Answer

A)  Level of industry concentration 
B)  Size of the corporation 
C)  Financial performance 
D)  Corporate subculture

Question 16

Involvement with white collar crime is most likely to be associated with which of the following factors?

Accepted Answer

A)  Serious mental illness 
B)  Relative normality 
C)  Drug addiction 
D)  Low intelligence

Question 17

Which of the following phrases does not refer to the control balance theory proposed by Charles Tittle?

Accepted Answer

A)  Function of the control balance ratio 
B)  Surplus of control fosters criminal behavior 
C)  Deficit of control fosters criminal behavior 
D)  Equal balance of control fosters innovation

Question 18

An explanation for white collar crime which focuses on the offender, and individual propensities and choices belongs to which of the following levels?

Accepted Answer

A)  Macro-level 
B)  Meso-level 
C)  Micro-level 
D)  Meta-level

Question 19

According to Neal Shover and Andy Hochstetler, lure does not play a role in
promoting white collar crime.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

According to Hirschi and Gottfredson's general theory of crime, an attempt to
satisfy self-interest can be applied to explaining white collar but not conventional
offending.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 8: Explaining White Collar Crime: Theories and Accounts

Feminist theorists believe that white collar crime rates will be reduced as soon as gender equality is achieved.

When we focus on individual or organizational motivations, we are primarily concerned with which of the following factors?

Like most theories, Hirschi's social control theory asks why people do not engage in criminal behavior.

An increasingly common view in the social sciences today is that human behavior reflects a mixture of rational choice, emotional input, and value commitments.

Which of the following statements made about white collar crime from the perspective of labeling theory is true?

The rational choice perspective has been applied to the decision-making processes within corporations, as well as to individual offenders.

In a 2008 survey of the literature on personality and white collar crime, which was not described as a personality attribute of offenders?

Rationalizations for corporate crime would include all but which of the following?

Which phrase best applies to institutional anomie theory?

The process whereby particular activities, entities and individuals come to be defined as criminal is best characterized as:

The Marxist explanation for white collar crime has been applied to 19ᵗʰ-century capitalist crimes, but not to similar crimes in the latter part of the 20ᵗʰ -century, because Marxist theory had lost all prestige with the downfall of communism.

Which of the following is not an external factor linked with organizational crime?

Middle managers seem to believe that internal factors take precedence over external moral values or expectations in guiding their actions on the job.

There is a general consensus that external factors are more important than internal variables in determining whether or not corporate crimes will be committed.

Which of the following is not an internal variable linked with corporate crime?

Involvement with white collar crime is most likely to be associated with which of the following factors?

Which of the following phrases does not refer to the control balance theory proposed by Charles Tittle?

An explanation for white collar crime which focuses on the offender, and individual propensities and choices belongs to which of the following levels?

According to Neal Shover and Andy Hochstetler, lure does not play a role in promoting white collar crime.

According to Hirschi and Gottfredson's general theory of crime, an attempt to satisfy self-interest can be applied to explaining white collar but not conventional offending.