Question 1

The extrahippocampal system acquires a contextual fear memory even if the hippocampus is functioning normally at the time of conditioning.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

Systems consolidation refers to changes in the strength of the memory trace brought about by interactions between the _______ and neocortex.

Accepted Answer

hippocampus

Question 3

The standard model of systems consolidation applies to declarative and procedural memory.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

Optogenetics provides strong support for the idea that the contextual fear memory trace depends on the hippocampus for the life of the memory.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which statement(s) is/are part of the standard model's explanation of Ribot's law?

Accepted Answer

A)   Cortical neurons are more subject disruptive events that the hippocampus.
B)   As memories age they no longer require the hippocampus.
C)   Disruptive events primarily impact the neurons in the hippocampus.
D)   Consolidation in the cortex depends on a functional hippocampus.
E)   None of the above

Question 6

Competitive trace theory would predict that the veridicality of the memory would be preserved if the _______ was damaged after the memory was established.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Competitive trace theory would predict that the...

Question 7

Systems consolidation theory does not assume that repeated recall or repetition contributes to the memory becoming independent of the hippocampus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Damage to the hippocampus prior to contextual fear conditioning produces severe amnesia for contextual fear memory.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Damage to the hippocampus prior to contextual fear conditioning does not produce amnesia.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

According to competitive trace theory memories become _______ as they age.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to competitive trace theory memories become...

Question 11

Based on the animal research using the contextual fear conditioning model, one should conclude that the standard model of systems consolidation is wrong.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

In their review of the human amnesia literature, Nadel and Moscovitch concluded that if the hippocampal system is severely damaged, there may be sparing of either remote or recent episodic memories.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

According to the standard model of systems consolidation, which statement(s) is/are false? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)   The hippocampus plays only a temporary role in consolidation.
B)   Memories are permanently stored in the neocortex.
C)   Memories are permanently stored in the hippocampus.
D)   Disruptive events primarily impact the MTH system.
E)   Procedural memory is not subject to systems consolidation.

Question 14

According to competitive trace theory, when are episodic memories most veridical?

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to competitive trace theory, when are...

Question 15

Clinical evidence _______. (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)   fully supports the standard model
B)   indicates that complete damage to the medial temporal hippocampal system (MTH)  spared old episodic memories
C)   indicates that complete damage to the MTH produces amnesia for episodic memories regardless of their age
D)   indicates that partial damage to the MTH spared episodic memories
E)   None of the above

Question 16

According to the standard model of systems memory consolidation, older memory traces are stored in the _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the standard model of systems...

Question 17

According to competitive trace theory, episodic memories become distorted as they age.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

According to the competitive trace theory of systems consolidation, _______. (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)   episodic memories become more veridical (more accurate)  as they age
B)   episodic memories can become distorted as they age
C)   as memory ages contextual details associated with an event become lost or contaminated with false details
D)   memory distortions can be the result of hippocampal-cortex interactions that occur over time
E)   memories would remain more veridical over time if the hippocampus was damaged.

Question 19

What is a one general conclusion one could draw from the animal research centered on contextual fear conditioning?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is a one general conclusion one...

Question 20

Why might the contextual fear model be inappropriate for evaluating the standard model of systems consolidation?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why might the contextual fear model be...

Exam 18: When Memories Age

The extrahippocampal system acquires a contextual fear memory even if the hippocampus is functioning normally at the time of conditioning.

Systems consolidation refers to changes in the strength of the memory trace brought about by interactions between the _______ and neocortex.

The standard model of systems consolidation applies to declarative and procedural memory.

Optogenetics provides strong support for the idea that the contextual fear memory trace depends on the hippocampus for the life of the memory.

Which statement(s) is/are part of the standard model's explanation of Ribot's law?

Competitive trace theory would predict that the veridicality of the memory would be preserved if the _______ was damaged after the memory was established.

Systems consolidation theory does not assume that repeated recall or repetition contributes to the memory becoming independent of the hippocampus.

Damage to the hippocampus prior to contextual fear conditioning produces severe amnesia for contextual fear memory.

Damage to the hippocampus prior to contextual fear conditioning does not produce amnesia.

According to competitive trace theory memories become _______ as they age.

Based on the animal research using the contextual fear conditioning model, one should conclude that the standard model of systems consolidation is wrong.

In their review of the human amnesia literature, Nadel and Moscovitch concluded that if the hippocampal system is severely damaged, there may be sparing of either remote or recent episodic memories.

According to the standard model of systems consolidation, which statement(s) is/are false? (Select all that apply.)

According to competitive trace theory, when are episodic memories most veridical?

Clinical evidence _______. (Select all that apply.)

According to the standard model of systems memory consolidation, older memory traces are stored in the _______.

According to competitive trace theory, episodic memories become distorted as they age.

According to the competitive trace theory of systems consolidation, _______. (Select all that apply.)

What is a one general conclusion one could draw from the animal research centered on contextual fear conditioning?

Why might the contextual fear model be inappropriate for evaluating the standard model of systems consolidation?