Question 1

Suzy wants to study whether there is a relationship between the phases of the moon and the tides that occur in the ocean. She does so by making nightly observations of the moon and recording its phases, and by measuring the tides of the ocean at regular intervals every day and night. The type of research that Suzy is conducting is best described as

Accepted Answer

A)  ​quasi-experimental research. 
B)  ​experimental research. 
C)  ​correlational research. 
D)  ​analogue research.

Question 2

The statistic that is used to depict the relationship between two variables that has been uncovered in a correlational study is called the correlational ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​multiplicand 
B)  ​deviation 
C)  ​permutation 
D)  ​coefficient

Question 3

An investigation into the relationship between two variables that does not allow for the drawing of cause-and-effect conclusions is a(n) _______________ study.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An investigation into the relationship between two...

Question 4

Whenever Ridgley has a headache, he takes two aspirin tablets. Shortly thereafter, the pain goes away. The next time the headache shows up, Ridgley is more likely to take an aspirin. In learning theory, we would say that Ridgley's behavior of taking the aspirin has been

Accepted Answer

A)  ​negatively reinforced. 
B)  ​positively reinforced. 
C)  ​negatively punished. 
D)  ​positively punished.

Question 5

Which research study would you most expect to see from a researcher with a life-course perspective?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​the effect of smoking on neurotransmitter systems and memory 
B)  ​how memory processes change from infancy to old age 
C)  ​growing up in the 1960s, and its influence on drug use in adulthood 
D)  ​sex differences in marital satisfaction

Question 6

If the same group of research participants is evaluated repeatedly over a long period of time, then a longitudinal study is what is being conducted.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which term does NOT belong in this group?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​experiential 
B)  ​nurture 
C)  ​environmental 
D)  ​hereditary

Question 8

The idea that children act like little scientists, constantly creating theories about the relationships between their physical and social worlds, is central to the theory of

Accepted Answer

A)  ​Jean Piaget. 
B)  ​Lev Vygotsky. 
C)  ​Urie Bronfenbrenner. 
D)  ​Erik Erikson.

Question 9

The entire group of individuals that is the focus of interest in a research study is called the sample, while the small subset of group that is actually studied is called the population.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The fact that a teen growing up during the Vietnam War will develop in a different manner than a teen growing up during the Iraq War is best explained in terms of

Accepted Answer

A)  ​multidirectionality. 
B)  ​multiple causation. 
C)  ​plasticity. 
D)  ​historical context.

Question 11

Sally steps on her bathroom scale, and it tells her that she weighs 145 pounds. When she steps on it again after her shower, she gets the same result. In fact, it has told her that her weight is stable at 145 pounds for several days now. Based on her observations, what can more accurately be said about the measurements provided by Sally's scale?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​The measurements lack reliability. 
B)  ​The measurements lack validity. 
C)  The measurements are reliable.​ 
D)  ​The measurements are valid.

Question 12

Interviews and questionnaires are two different types of _______________ measures.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Interviews and questionnaires are two different types...

Question 13

According to the ____ perspective, no single period of life (e.g., infancy, childhood, adolescence, adulthood) can be understood apart from its origins and its consequences.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​contextual 
B)  ​life-span 
C)  ​psychodynamic 
D)  ​ecological

Question 14

Research into the eyesight of older individuals that was conducted by human development researchers has led some states to change the way older drivers are screened when they renew their driver's licenses. This reflects

Accepted Answer

A)  ​how research can affect social policy. 
B)  ​the benefits of doing meta-analytic research. 
C)  ​the importance of longitudinal studies. 
D)  ​why correlational research is superior in some ways to experimental research.

Question 15

The biggest limitation of conducting correlational research is the lack of ability to draw conclusions about cause-and-effect relationships.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

As an exercise in your human development class, your teacher proposes a new developmental theory of personality development. She states that personality is markedly different in adulthood than in childhood, is completely determined by the environment, and develops pretty much the same across cultures. Describe the three recurring issues in human development and where this new theory stands in relationship to these three issues.

Accepted Answer

The answer of As an exercise in your human development...

Question 17

The idea that a child's sociocultural backdrop was an essential factor in their development as crucial to the theory of

Accepted Answer

A)  ​Julian Rotter. 
B)  ​Urie Bronfenbrenner. 
C)  ​Lev Vygotsky. 
D)  ​John Watson.

Question 18

Professor Eli conducts a correlational study in which he concludes that the amount of sunlight children receive is positively correlated with the rate at which they grow. Which conclusion would Professor Eli be incorrect in drawing from his correlational data?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​Getting more sun causes children to grow faster. 
B)  ​The more sun children get the faster they seem to grow. 
C)  ​The faster children grow, the more sun they seem to get. 
D)  ​The less sun children get, the slower their rate of growth seems to be.

Question 19

According to your text, what is the first step in doing research in the field of human development?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​deciding whether to use systematic observation, sampling behavior with tasks, self-report or physiological measurement 
B)  ​creating a rationale for the research, by describing it in terms of at least one theory of development 
C)  ​coming up with a way to assess the validity and reliability of the measurement instruments that will be used 
D)  ​scouring the existing research literature for holes that can be filled with research based on contemporary theories

Question 20

____ is the study of the brain and the nervous system, especially in terms of brain-behavior relationships.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​Neuroscience 
B)  ​Biopsychology 
C)  ​Physiology 
D)  ​Teratology

Exam 1: The Study of Human Development.

The statistic that is used to depict the relationship between two variables that has been uncovered in a correlational study is called the correlational ____.

An investigation into the relationship between two variables that does not allow for the drawing of cause-and-effect conclusions is a(n) _______________ study.

Whenever Ridgley has a headache, he takes two aspirin tablets. Shortly thereafter, the pain goes away. The next time the headache shows up, Ridgley is more likely to take an aspirin. In learning theory, we would say that Ridgley's behavior of taking the aspirin has been

Which research study would you most expect to see from a researcher with a life-course perspective?

If the same group of research participants is evaluated repeatedly over a long period of time, then a longitudinal study is what is being conducted.

Which term does NOT belong in this group?

The idea that children act like little scientists, constantly creating theories about the relationships between their physical and social worlds, is central to the theory of

The entire group of individuals that is the focus of interest in a research study is called the sample, while the small subset of group that is actually studied is called the population.

The fact that a teen growing up during the Vietnam War will develop in a different manner than a teen growing up during the Iraq War is best explained in terms of

Interviews and questionnaires are two different types of _______________ measures.

According to the ____ perspective, no single period of life (e.g., infancy, childhood, adolescence, adulthood) can be understood apart from its origins and its consequences.

Research into the eyesight of older individuals that was conducted by human development researchers has led some states to change the way older drivers are screened when they renew their driver's licenses. This reflects

The biggest limitation of conducting correlational research is the lack of ability to draw conclusions about cause-and-effect relationships.

The idea that a child's sociocultural backdrop was an essential factor in their development as crucial to the theory of

Professor Eli conducts a correlational study in which he concludes that the amount of sunlight children receive is positively correlated with the rate at which they grow. Which conclusion would Professor Eli be incorrect in drawing from his correlational data?

According to your text, what is the first step in doing research in the field of human development?

____ is the study of the brain and the nervous system, especially in terms of brain-behavior relationships.