Turner and Killian's Emergent Norm Theory Differs from Social Contagion

Multiple Choice

Turner and Killian's emergent norm theory differs from social contagion theories and psychological models emphasizing deindividuation in that behavior in crowds is viewed as:

A) both pleasurable and destructive
B) constructed and rational
C) spontaneous rather than reactive
D) the product of macro-level, as well as micro-level, social forces
E) the reflection of innate impulses (i.e., Mead's "I")