Question 1

You can measure attitudes by which of the following techniques?

Accepted Answer

A)  bogus pipeline
B)  overjustification pipeline
C)  self-monitoring pipeline
D)  low-ball technique A

Question 2

The reduction of dissonance by internally justifying one's behavior when external rewards are lacking is

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive dissonance effect.
B)  insufficient justification effect.
C)  psychological reactance effect.
D)  self-monitoring effect. B

Question 3

Salespeople try to prevent customers from canceling their purchases by

Accepted Answer

A)  calling everyday until the agreement is final.
B)  having the customer fill out the sales agreement.
C)  enlisting them as satisfied customers.
D)  giving them names and numbers of other satisfied customers. B

Question 4

According to self-perception theory, behavior shapes attitudes

Accepted Answer

A)  when attitudes are strong and consistent.
B)  only in the area of legislation.
C)  in self-monitoring people.
D)  when attitudes are weak and ambiguous.

Question 5

A variation of the foot-in-the-door phenomenon is the

Accepted Answer

A)  bogus technique.
B)  low-ball technique.
C)  self-monitoring technique.
D)  justification technique.

Question 6

Informed consent is

Accepted Answer

A)  American Psychological Association guideline.
B)  an ethical principle.
C)  law in the United States and Britain.
D)  a legal term used in experimental research.

Question 7

Which is false according to the text. The American and British Psychological Associations

Accepted Answer

A)  protect people from harm and significant discomfort.
B)  tell potential participants enough about the experiment to enable their informed consent.
C)  fully explain the experiment before preceding.
D)  treat information about the individual participants confidentially.

Question 8

Mundane realism is

Accepted Answer

A)  performing the experiment in the real world.
B)  when the experiment is boring and repetitive.
C)  the degree to which an experiment is similar to everyday conditions.
D)  the experimenter's biases in the experiment.

Question 9

The text asserts that changing behavior can alter attitudes. Which of the following is an example?

Accepted Answer

A)  civil rights legislation
B)  capital punishment
C)  traffic laws
D)  prohibition

Question 10

In response to external circumstances ___________________ people adjust their behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)  intelligent
B)  depressed
C)  self-conscious
D)  unintelligent

Question 11

Experimenters standardize their instructions to subjects in order to

Accepted Answer

A)  minimize demand characteristics.
B)  insure accuracy in the results.
C)  appear neutral to the group.
D)  compare different groups.

Question 12

The text asserts that the tendency for oppressors to disparage their victims is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  how attitudes shape behavior.
B)  how behavior shapes attitudes.
C)  bogus pipeline.
D)  how role playing comes to shape one's self-identity.

Question 13

The term brainwashing describes what happened to American POWs during which war?

Accepted Answer

A)  World War I
B)  World War II
C)  Korean War
D)  Vietnam War

Question 14

The procedure that fools people into disclosing their attitudes is

Accepted Answer

A)  bogus pipeline.
B)  denial paradox.
C)  low-ball technique.
D)  foot-in-the-door phenomenon.

Question 15

An experiment would have experimental realism if it

Accepted Answer

A)  absorbs and involves its participants.
B)  is carried out in the field.
C)  was similar to everyday situations.
D)  none

Exam 2: Psychology: Concepts and Theories