Question 1

Which of the following statements is true of motor skills in early childhood?

Accepted Answer

A)  The fine motor skills developed during early childhood are the basis for sports, dancing, and other activities that begin in middle childhood. 
B)  Gains in fine motor skills allow young children to take additional responsibility for their personal care. 
C)  Developed sensory and motor areas of the cerebral cortex fail to bridge the gap between what children want to do and what they can do. 
D)  The skills that emerge in early childhood are independent of the achievements of infancy and toddlerhood.

Question 2

Changes in diet and decreased vitamin D based upon less exposure to the sun are likely to contribute to an increase in food allergy rates.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Which of the following statements is true about oral health in early childhood?

Accepted Answer

A)  Thumbsucking among children can result in undernutrition. 
B)  Tooth decay is an abnormal immune system response to a specific food. 
C)  Tooth decay in early childhood often stems from overconsumption of sweetened milk in infancy. 
D)  Parents and teachers should not ignore thumbsucking in children under age 4.

Question 4

By ________, all the primary teeth are in place and the permanent teeth are developing.

Accepted Answer

A)  3 years 
B)  7 years 
C)  8 years 
D)  6 years

Question 5

In the context of the brain, the density of synapses in the prefrontal cortex peaks at age 4.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Irving is a typical 6-year-old boy. He is most likely to

Accepted Answer

A)  sleep through the night without any daytime naps. 
B)  sleep through the night and take multiple daytime naps. 
C)  sleep for an average of 6 hours at night and give up daytime naps. 
D)  sleep every 4 to 6 hours.

Question 7

Diane is trying to find ways to encourage her 4-year-old son to develop healthy eating habits. Which of the following is she least likely to do?

Accepted Answer

A)  making mealtimes pleasant with conversation on interesting topics 
B)  providing her child with nutritious snack foods between meals 
C)  allowing her child to eat while watching his favorite cartoon show on television 
D)  serving finger foods as often as possible

Question 8

Parents should seek professional help and not ignore thumbsucking in children under age 2.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of the use of fine motor skills?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mia unbuttons her shirt. 
B)  Sal runs behind her cat. 
C)  Pete plays on a swing. 
D)  Kate looks out of the window.

Question 10

Enuresis tends to run in families.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Inaya is a 5-year-old preschooler. Her parents notice that she has started bed-wetting since her first day of preschool, so they decide to take her to a pediatrician. Which of the following is the pediatrician likely to recommend?

Accepted Answer

A)  He will ask her parents to make Inaya sleep in their room. 
B)  He will ask the parents to be patient and delay the treatment for a few years. 
C)  He will ask the parents to discipline the child and even punish her if needed. 
D)  He will ask the parents to limit fluids in her daily diet.

Question 12

International efforts to improve child health generally focus on the first 5 years of life because

Accepted Answer

A)  it is much easier to eliminate causative factors in this age group than in others. 
B)  nearly 90 percent of deaths in children under age 15 occur during these years. 
C)  the chances of a child living to his or her fifth birthday have halved in the last 50 years. 
D)  there is a high level of funding available as a quarter of child deaths occur in developed countries.

Question 13

According to the National Sleep Foundation (2004), regular and consistent sleep routines in children are likely to help manage problems such as resisting going to bed or waking up at least once each night.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

In the context of physical growth in early childhood, the head of a 3-year-old child is still relatively large, but the other parts of the body continue to catch up as proportions steadily become more adultlike.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following is true about sleep disturbances in early childhood?

Accepted Answer

A)  Walking and talking during sleep are unusual in early and middle childhood. 
B)  Genetic influences play a strong role in the occurrence of night terrors. 
C)  It is estimated that more than 25 percent of children sleepwalk. 
D)  Most sleep disturbances persist into adulthood and require medical help for their resolution.

Question 16

Identify a true statement about sleep disturbances in early childhood.

Accepted Answer

A)  Sleepwalking and sleeptalking are generally harmful and should be prevented during their initial stages. 
B)  Night terrors generally peak between 8 and 10 years of age. 
C)  Sleep disturbances are likely to be caused by accidental activation of the brain's motor control system. 
D)  The frequency of sleep disturbances increases as children age.

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of the use of fine motor skills?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vivian climbs a hill. 
B)  Vivian cycles down a street. 
C)  Vivian hops down the stairs. 
D)  Vivian ties his shoelaces.

Question 18

Which of the following statements is true of physical growth patterns in early childhood?

Accepted Answer

A)  Boys' slight edge in height and weight continues until the growth spurt of puberty. 
B)  The density of synapses in the prefrontal cortex peaks at 10 years of age. 
C)  Both boys and girls typically grow 5 to 6 inches a year during early childhood. 
D)  By age 2, the brain is approximately 90 percent of adult weight.

Question 19

In the United States, which of the following is true about the measures taken to reduce the number of child deaths in motor vehicle crashes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Recommendations that 4-year-olds should not use belt-positioning booster seats have reduced the number of such deaths by almost 50 percent. 
B)  Campaigns to keep children in the back seats of cars have reduced the number of such deaths by 200 a year from 1996 to 2003. 
C)  The use of forward-facing car seats for 4-year-olds has almost brought down the number of such deaths to zero. 
D)  Airbags that have been designed to primarily protect children have significantly reduced the incidence of such deaths.

Question 20

Changes within the brain during early childhood are more outwardly apparent than the changes in infancy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 8: Physical Development and Health in Early Childhood

Which of the following statements is true of motor skills in early childhood?

Changes in diet and decreased vitamin D based upon less exposure to the sun are likely to contribute to an increase in food allergy rates.

Which of the following statements is true about oral health in early childhood?

By ________, all the primary teeth are in place and the permanent teeth are developing.

In the context of the brain, the density of synapses in the prefrontal cortex peaks at age 4.

Irving is a typical 6-year-old boy. He is most likely to

Diane is trying to find ways to encourage her 4-year-old son to develop healthy eating habits. Which of the following is she least likely to do?

Parents should seek professional help and not ignore thumbsucking in children under age 2.

Which of the following is an example of the use of fine motor skills?

Enuresis tends to run in families.

Inaya is a 5-year-old preschooler. Her parents notice that she has started bed-wetting since her first day of preschool, so they decide to take her to a pediatrician. Which of the following is the pediatrician likely to recommend?

International efforts to improve child health generally focus on the first 5 years of life because

According to the National Sleep Foundation (2004), regular and consistent sleep routines in children are likely to help manage problems such as resisting going to bed or waking up at least once each night.

In the context of physical growth in early childhood, the head of a 3-year-old child is still relatively large, but the other parts of the body continue to catch up as proportions steadily become more adultlike.

Which of the following is true about sleep disturbances in early childhood?

Identify a true statement about sleep disturbances in early childhood.

Which of the following is an example of the use of fine motor skills?

Which of the following statements is true of physical growth patterns in early childhood?

In the United States, which of the following is true about the measures taken to reduce the number of child deaths in motor vehicle crashes?

Changes within the brain during early childhood are more outwardly apparent than the changes in infancy.