Question 1

According to teleological ethical theories, the rightness of an action is determined by its consequences.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Mill says we can rank various kinds of happiness by polling

Accepted Answer

A)  everybody. 
B)  Mill and Bentham. 
C)  those who have experienced different kinds of happiness. 
D)  nobody. 
E)  pigs.

Question 3

What did Kant mean when he said that the only thing that's intrinsically valuable is a good will?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What did Kant mean when he said...

Question 4

Feinberg's Single-Minded Hedonist thought experiment is intended to show that

Accepted Answer

A)  we can be happy only if we desire our own happiness. 
B)  psychological hedonism is FALSE. 
C)  we desire things because they make us happy. 
D)  psychological hedonism is true.

Question 5

According to the categorical imperative, any action is morally permissible as long as the outcome is good.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

While virtue theorists treat virtue as having instrumental value, utilitarians and Kantians treat it as having intrinsic value.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Ross's Good Samaritan thought experiment is intended to show that

Accepted Answer

A)  we have some perfect duties. 
B)  all our duties are perfect. 
C)  there are no perfect duties. 
D)  Kant's theory is flawless.

Question 8

According to Kant's categorical imperative, which of the following is a necessary condition for the moral acceptability for an action?

Accepted Answer

A)  it does not violate any legal laws. 
B)  everyone can act on it. 
C)  it produces more happiness than unhappiness. 
D)  it does not defy accepted social norms. 
E)  none of these

Question 9

The goal in moral theory is

Accepted Answer

A)  achieving a reflective equilibrium. 
B)  identifying social trends. 
C)  reconciling faith with reason. 
D)  making novel predictions. 
E)  recognizing abnormal human behavior.

Question 10

A moral principle that does not always have to be obeyed but depends on the circumstances.

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothetical imperative 
B)  categorical imperative 
C)  unconditional imperative 
D)  restrictive imperative

Question 11

Ross's Unhappy Promise thought experiment is intended to show that utilitarianism respects our obligations to others.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Blanshard's Rabbit thought experiment is intended to show that

Accepted Answer

A)  a rabbit's pain is neither good nor bad. 
B)  emotivism is true. 
C)  the view that the words "good" and "bad" do not stand for the properties of anything is an inference from common sense. 
D)  the view that the words "good" and "bad" do not stand for real properties flies in the face of common sense.

Question 13

Ross's Unhappy Promise thought experiment is intended to show that

Accepted Answer

A)  utilitarianism is inconsistent with our notion of duties. 
B)  maximizing happiness for all concerned is more important than honoring our duties to others. 
C)  utilitarianism is consistent with our notion of duties. 
D)  our duties should always maximize happiness.

Question 14

What makes an action right for someone is that it is approved by that person.

Accepted Answer

A)  ethical egoism 
B)  categorical imperative 
C)  subjective relativism 
D)  virtue theory 
E)  rule-utilitarianism

Question 15

Broad's Typhoid Man thought experiment is intended to show that

Accepted Answer

A)  we should never treat someone merely as a means. 
B)  it's not possible to treat someone as a means to an end. 
C)  Kant says that quarantining people would not be a case of treating them merely as means. 
D)  sometimes treating people merely as a means is unavoidable.

Question 16

Hare's Nazi Fanatic thought experiment is intended to show that all Nazi's are fanatics.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Ewing's Utilitarian Torture thought experiment is intended to show that act-utilitarianism conflicts with our ideas about justice.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Actions that go above and beyond the call of duty are called

Accepted Answer

A)  categorical. 
B)  hypothetical. 
C)  supererogatory. 
D)  imperatives. 
E)  meta-ethical.

Question 19

Kant maintains that moral principles are exceptionless.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Is the fact that an action falls under a rule that maximizes happiness enough to make it right? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Is the fact that an action falls...

Exam 5: The Problem of Relativism and Morality

According to teleological ethical theories, the rightness of an action is determined by its consequences.

Mill says we can rank various kinds of happiness by polling

What did Kant mean when he said that the only thing that's intrinsically valuable is a good will?

Feinberg's Single-Minded Hedonist thought experiment is intended to show that

According to the categorical imperative, any action is morally permissible as long as the outcome is good.

While virtue theorists treat virtue as having instrumental value, utilitarians and Kantians treat it as having intrinsic value.

Ross's Good Samaritan thought experiment is intended to show that

According to Kant's categorical imperative, which of the following is a necessary condition for the moral acceptability for an action?

The goal in moral theory is

A moral principle that does not always have to be obeyed but depends on the circumstances.

Ross's Unhappy Promise thought experiment is intended to show that utilitarianism respects our obligations to others.

Blanshard's Rabbit thought experiment is intended to show that

Ross's Unhappy Promise thought experiment is intended to show that

What makes an action right for someone is that it is approved by that person.

Broad's Typhoid Man thought experiment is intended to show that

Hare's Nazi Fanatic thought experiment is intended to show that all Nazi's are fanatics.

Ewing's Utilitarian Torture thought experiment is intended to show that act-utilitarianism conflicts with our ideas about justice.

Actions that go above and beyond the call of duty are called

Kant maintains that moral principles are exceptionless.

Is the fact that an action falls under a rule that maximizes happiness enough to make it right? Why or why not?