Question 1

Which of the following did the NICHD (2000b) study find influenced the language development of children attending a child care program?

Accepted Answer

A)   Quality of child care, environment, and language stimulation
B)   Quality of the environment and teacher-family relationships
C)   Quality of peer interactions, the environment and number of children in a group
D)   Quality of language stimulation as well as the number of children in a group A

Question 2

The conversationalist's strategies to regulate communication and protect feelings is called which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   System constraints
B)   Communicative-linguistic parameters
C)   Ritual constraints
D)   Infant-directed speech C

Question 3

Culture usually will not have an effect on:

Accepted Answer

A)   the sequence of language development
B)   how children are viewed as conversational partners
C)   the content of children's language
D)   ritual and system constraints A

Question 4

Describe six of the key strategies that adults can use to support children's language development and give an example for each one.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe six of the key strategies that...

Question 5

Research on children learning sign language found that the children's :

Accepted Answer

A)   vocabulary was higher than children not learning sign language
B)   a bilingual environment is a necessity, not a choice
C)   minds were more open to their parents' minds
D)   underperformed in learning to speak words

Question 6

Carmen continued saying "da, da" as she looked at her teacher. Her teacher would look at Carmen, smile, and repeat the sounds each time Carmen said them. Carmen's primary purpose is to:

Accepted Answer

A)   develop a lexicon
B)   learn new words
C)   establish human connection
D)   develop communication skills

Question 7

While all of the following strategies are important, if you were to provide training for an infant/toddler center that wanted to support the language development of young children, which of the following is the most important thing to tell them?

Accepted Answer

A)   Be an empathic language partner.
B)   Use joint attention strategies.
C)   Use the 4 E approach.
D)   Use infant directed speech.

Question 8

Bilingual children:

Accepted Answer

A)   generally have smaller total vocabularies than monolingual children
B)   generally reach developmental milestones at the same time in both languages
C)   only use one word from one of the languages that they are learning to label an object
D)   have great difficulty learning two languages

Question 9

For maximum benefit treatment for a child with hearing impairment should be started:

Accepted Answer

A)   before he or she goes to kindergarten
B)   before birth
C)   by 3 years of age
D)   before 6 months of age

Question 10

The term "fast mapping" means that:

Accepted Answer

A)   toddlers learn pragmatic skills very quickly when adults take language turns with them
B)   toddlers need "multimodal input" to learn new words
C)   toddlers need contingent interactions to learn language
D)   many toddlers can quickly learn new words

Question 11

What does the term "communicative-linguistic parameters" refer to?

Accepted Answer

A)   Language is a powerful medium for infants and toddlers to learn about their own value within their culture
B)   The language, communication patterns, and values underlying those patterns used in the home
C)   There are clear limits on how much language children can learn during a certain age period
D)   The prosody of language

Question 12

The term that refers to the rules governing the sequence of words and the relationships among part of a sentence is:

Accepted Answer

A)   prosody
B)   pragmatics
C)   syntax
D)   semantics

Question 13

When Mackenzie (11 months-old) pointed to the picture in the book, her teacher said, "That's a cow. That's a brown cow." Mackenzie's teacher knew about the importance of:

Accepted Answer

A)   self-talk
B)   joint attention
C)   parallel talk
D)   "listening with her eyes"

Question 14

By what age can children hear the differences in all of the consonants and vowels used in all languages?

Accepted Answer

A)   Birth to 2 months
B)   2 to 4 months
C)   4 to 8 months
D)   8 to 12 months

Question 15

You have been chosen to give a 30-minute presentation to the other teachers on what features of language may differ based on family and cultural values? Create an outline of six points that you will emphasize.

Accepted Answer

The answer of You have been chosen to give a...

Question 16

Early language experience affects:

Accepted Answer

A)   the character of the child
B)   the child's capacity to learn language
C)   the temperament of children
D)   the child's capacity to learn numbers

Question 17

As Robin was playing with Koby she asked him, "What is that?" "What are you pushing?" and "What color is the car?" She is asking a type of question that may feel intrusive to Koby and limits conversation with him. She is asking what the chapter refers to as:

Accepted Answer

A)   limited questions
B)   closed questions
C)   partial questions
D)   imprecise questions

Question 18

Which of the following is most likely to contribute to children having lower language scores at age 3 than many other children?

Accepted Answer

A)   Living in a high-risk environment
B)   A boisterous, active temperament
C)   The gender of the child
D)   A child learning two languages

Question 19

Amber listens intently when her mother talks to her. Then Amber takes a turn in the conversation. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)   semantics
B)   syntax
C)   pragmatics
D)   prosody

Question 20

A parent of a 4-month-old said to the baby, "You are such a sweetie. Here's your blanky." The teacher told the mother that she:

Accepted Answer

A)   should stop speaking baby talk
B)   was using infant-directed speech that babies like
C)   was using directive speech that babies don't like
D)   was using semantically responsive talk

Exam 9: Language Learning and Development