Question 1

According to Robert Merton,

Accepted Answer

A)   prejudice always results in discrimination.
B)   group norms can force people to act against their personal values.
C)   prejudice is decreasing.
D)   all people hold significant prejudices. B

Question 2

Robert Merton explained the relationships between prejudice and discrimination by discussing four different classifications. Name, describe, and give an example of each of these classifications.

Accepted Answer

Robert Merton explained the relationships between prejudice and discrimination by discussing four different classifications:

1. Unprejudiced nondiscriminators: These individuals do not hold prejudiced attitudes and do not engage in discriminatory behavior. An example of this would be someone who holds no negative beliefs about a particular racial or ethnic group and treats everyone equally regardless of their background.

2. Unprejudiced discriminators: These individuals do not hold prejudiced attitudes, but they still engage in discriminatory behavior. An example of this could be a hiring manager who, despite not holding any negative beliefs about a certain group, still consistently hires individuals from a specific demographic.

3. Prejudiced nondiscriminators: These individuals hold prejudiced attitudes but do not engage in discriminatory behavior. An example of this could be someone who holds negative beliefs about a certain group but does not act on those beliefs in their interactions with others.

4. Prejudiced discriminators: These individuals both hold prejudiced attitudes and engage in discriminatory behavior. An example of this would be someone who actively discriminates against individuals from a certain group based on their prejudiced beliefs.

Merton's classifications help to illustrate the complex relationship between prejudice and discrimination, showing that individuals can hold different combinations of attitudes and behaviors in relation to different social groups.

Question 3

Alfred had no prejudices toward blacks, but when his friends make derogatory comments to black kids he does nothing to stop them. Alfred is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   unprejudiced nondiscriminator.
B)   unprejudiced discriminator.
C)   prejudiced nondiscriminator.
D)   prejudiced discriminator. B

Question 4

An employer who strongly dislikes a racial group but hires them anyway because of legal and social pressures, typifies the

Accepted Answer

A)   unprejudiced nondiscriminator.
B)   unprejudiced discriminator.
C)   prejudiced nondiscriminator.
D)   prejudiced discriminator.

Question 5

Define discrimination, explaining and illustrating its five levels.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define discrimination, explaining and illustrating its five...

Question 6

Evidence about the success of affirmative action programs

Accepted Answer

A)   is clearly positive.
B)   is clearly negative.
C)   is mixed.
D)   has not yet been found.

Question 7

Compare and contrast individual and institutional discrimination. Provide examples of each. Which is more harmful and why?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast individual and institutional discrimination....

Question 8

Alejandro lives in an inner-city neighborhood that is almost exclusively Hispanic. His neighborhood schools are also almost exclusively Hispanic. Alejandro's neighborhood and adjacent schools exemplify _____________.

Accepted Answer

A)   de facto segregation
B)   de jure segregation
C)   affirmative action
D)   ethnoviolence

Question 9

Affirmative action originated with an executive order by President ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)   Franklin D. Roosevelt
B)   John F. Kennedy
C)   Richard M. Nixon
D)   Ronald Reagan

Question 10

The term "driving while black" refers to

Accepted Answer

A)   affirmative action.
B)   de facto segregation.
C)   de jure segregation.
D)   racial profiling.

Exam 5: Discrimination