Question 1

All of the following are examples of social dilemmas, except

Accepted Answer

A)  common resource dilemma. 
B)  public goods dilemma. 
C)  community service dilemma. 
D)  prisoner's dilemma.

Question 2

Which of the following is not a solution to groupthink?

Accepted Answer

A)  encourage open contributions from all group members 
B)  encourage persuasive arguments 
C)  groups should deliberately recruit diverse membership 
D)  provide training about group decision-making

Question 3

In social loafing, all of the following conditions are evident, except

Accepted Answer

A)  group members are working on a common goal. 
B)  group effort is dependent on individual responsibility. 
C)  individuals are not accountable for their performance. 
D)  individual members' performance is not measured or evaluated.

Question 4

Researchers on social facilitation point out that teen drivers have significantly more crashes when others are in the car, due to

Accepted Answer

A)  mere presence. 
B)  evaluation apprehension. 
C)  distraction. 
D)  lack of experience.

Question 5

In what situation does high cohesion typically lead to better performance?

Accepted Answer

A)  in all group sports 
B)  mainly in sports that are highly interactive between the group members 
C)  mainly in sports that are less interactive between the group members 
D)  in no group sports

Question 6

In the prisoner's dilemma, when are reward processing centers of the brain of the first person activated?

Accepted Answer

A)  when there is competitive/competitive behaviour 
B)  when there is cooperative/competitive behaviour 
C)  when there is competitive/cooperative behaviour 
D)  when there is cooperative/cooperative behaviour

Question 7

Which of the following is false regarding jigsaw classrooms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Self-esteem increases more than in non-jigsaw classrooms. 
B)  Academic performance rises for all students more than in non-jigsaw classrooms. 
C)  Liking for classmates is higher than in non-jigsaw classrooms. 
D)  Children gain greater perspective-taking skills than in non-jigsaw classrooms.

Question 8

Realizing that no one would know who had contributed to the final group effort, Shea decided to engage in social loafing, demonstrating the influence of

Accepted Answer

A)  identifiable contributions. 
B)  group cohesion. 
C)  task importance. 
D)  impact of contributions.

Question 9

Which of the following is not a strategy suggested to resolve social dilemmas?

Accepted Answer

A)  use persuasive messages regarding the resource 
B)  create small, connected groups 
C)  create consequences for competition 
D)  encourage face-to-face communication

Question 10

Transactional leadership tends to create intrinsic motivation among group members.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

In Turner et al.'s (1992) study of automobile production workers, which of the following was found?

Accepted Answer

A)  Low-cohesive groups made better decisions than high-cohesive groups when threat levels were low. 
B)  High-cohesive groups made better decisions than low-cohesive groups when threat levels were high. 
C)  High-cohesive groups made better decisions than low-cohesive groups when threat levels were low. 
D)  None of these.

Question 12

Situations where if everyone acts in their own self-interest, the result will be the worst possible outcome for all are termed

Accepted Answer

A)  common dilemmas. 
B)  resource dilemmas. 
C)  prisoner's dilemmas. 
D)  social dilemmas.

Question 13

The presence of others leads to arousal, which influences performance, for all of the following reasons except

Accepted Answer

A)  evaluation apprehension. 
B)  mere presence. 
C)  distraction. 
D)  conscientiousness.

Question 14

Professor Edwards noticed that the psychology majors worked harder on their Introduction to Psychology group projects than other students in the class. She attributed their lack of social loafing to

Accepted Answer

A)  group cohesion. 
B)  identifiable contributions. 
C)  impact of contribution. 
D)  importance of task.

Question 15

Janna plays the clarinet in a school band. Her band has high morale and Janna is close to many of the other members. The band has won several awards. Janna's band seems to have high

Accepted Answer

A)  collective effort. 
B)  social loafing. 
C)  deindividuation. 
D)  group cohesion.

Question 16

Robert Zajonc's research on social facilitation expanded early research by including the factor of

Accepted Answer

A)  size of group. 
B)  gender of performer. 
C)  impact of the task difficulty. 
D)  sequence of the task.

Question 17

According to social facilitation theory, what happens to performance on new or difficult tasks when others are around compared to when there is no one else around?

Accepted Answer

A)  improved performance 
B)  the same performance 
C)  worse performance 
D)  Social facilitation theory does not discuss performance in group settings.

Question 18

According to the collective effort model, individuals are motivated to exert efforts in group settings in all of the following conditions, except

Accepted Answer

A)  when they believe that their individual efforts will make a difference in the group's success. 
B)  when they believe that the others in the group will be working with them in the future. 
C)  when they believe their individual efforts are identifiable. 
D)  when they believe they will experience positive outcomes.

Question 19

Which of the following is not an element of the collective effort model?

Accepted Answer

A)  the impacts of one's own contribution 
B)  identifiable contributions 
C)  task importance 
D)  distraction

Question 20

When two people must decide whether to cooperate or compete against one another it is called

Accepted Answer

A)  compete-or-not dilemma. 
B)  common resource dilemma. 
C)  public goods dilemma. 
D)  the prisoner's dilemma.

Exam 9: Group Processes