Question 1

The ability of an individual to use and comprehend language should take place during Piaget's stage referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  sensorimotor 
B)  preoperational 
C)  concrete operational 
D)  formal operational

Question 2

The capacity to associate sensations of an object from different senses or to match one's own actions to behaviors that are observed visually is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  perceptual coalescing 
B)  intermodal processing 
C)  informational unification 
D)  non-veridical specification

Question 3

At what age should we expect most children to speak like an adult, with respect to grammar?

Accepted Answer

A)  4 years 
B)  8 years 
C)  12 years 
D)  2 years

Question 4

Psychomotor slowing is particularly problematic as people age because it leads to

Accepted Answer

A)  poor decision making when there is time to consider the alternatives 
B)  an inability to perform athletic tasks 
C)  working memory impairments 
D)  egocentrism

Question 5

The tendency for an increase time for processing and acting on information associated with aging is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  psychomotor slowing 
B)  cognitive capacity reduction 
C)  working memory impairments 
D)  processing fixation

Question 6

What is the difference between a critical period and a sensitive period? Why was it that sensitive periods were proposed?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the difference between a critical...

Question 7

My nephew seems to revel in the role of "bad boy". He is 18, and his delinquent behavior seems to be something he enjoys for some reason, despite the increasingly severe punishment. According to Erikson, he:

Accepted Answer

A)  has a disorganized attachment style 
B)  is adopting a negative identity 
C)  does not know any better 
D)  is fixated at the initiative versus guilt stage

Question 8

Attachment behavior appears to peak during the _____ year of life.

Accepted Answer

A)  second 
B)  fifth 
C)  seventh 
D)  eighth

Question 9

Most psychologists believe that development, like intelligence or personality, reflects the action and mutual influence of genes and environment. The most important question concerning nature and nurture is:

Accepted Answer

A)  How much does each contribute? 
B)  How do nature and nurture interact 
C)  How can environmental factors be maximized? 
D)  Which is more important, nature or nurture?

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a typical error of children in the preoperational stage?

Accepted Answer

A)  egocentrism 
B)  centration 
C)  inability to use operations 
D)  fixation

Question 11

Research findings suggest that approximately _____ percent of adolescents show no signs of severe storm or stress, thereby supporting the continuity model.

Accepted Answer

A)  20 
B)  40 
C)  80 
D)  95

Question 12

Support for the notion that critical periods do not truly exist comes from:

Accepted Answer

A)  the case of Genie 
B)  children from overcrowded orphanages 
C)  children from Romanian orphanages 
D)  all of the above

Question 13

Erik Erikson's theory of adult development is well considered because it possesses a number of important features. Which is one of those features?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is culturally sensitive 
B)  It integrates biology, psychological experience, and culture 
C)  His theory has received empirical support in cross-sectional, longitudinal, and sequential studies 
D)  All of the above are features of Erikson's theory

Question 14

The stage of development that coincides with adolescence, according to Erikson, is:

Accepted Answer

A)  initiative versus guilt 
B)  industry versus inferiority 
C)  affiliation versus social isolation 
D)  identity versus identity confusion

Question 15

Mary Ainsworth recognized that children vary in their responses to separation, finding that children respond to their mothers' absence and return in three basic ways. Describe the "Strange Situation" procedure Ainsworth employed to demonstrate these differences. Following that, identify and define each of these three attachment styles. Finally, describe the more recently identified "disorganized" attachment style.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Mary Ainsworth recognized that children vary in...

Question 16

Your textbook shows a picture of the three-mountain task, in which a stuffed animal is looking at the mountains at a different angle from the child. As a child goes through the preoperational stage, they would gain the ability to

Accepted Answer

A)  recognize that an object obscured by the mountains still exists in time and space 
B)  see the mountains as abstract representations of actual objects in the world 
C)  recognize that the stuffed animal has a different perspective from the child 
D)  perform operations with the stuffed animal

Question 17

According to the information-processing approach to cognitive development, processing speed is important because it allows for

Accepted Answer

A)  metacognition 
B)  holding more information in working memory 
C)  operational processing 
D)  metamemory

Question 18

Neopiagetian theorists such as Robbie Case argue that:

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive progress within each stage is possible 
B)  development across stages depends on cultural input 
C)  qualitative changes in development are due to an increase in working memory capacity 
D)  all of the above

Question 19

The study involving nubbed and smooth pacifiers revealed that infants are capable of intermodal processing as early as:

Accepted Answer

A)  1 week 
B)  2 weeks 
C)  within minutes of birth 
D)  4 months

Question 20

Cross-culturally, approximately _____ percent are considered to be securely attached in relation to their own parents.

Accepted Answer

A)  90 
B)  80 
C)  60 
D)  30

Exam 13: Life-Span Development