Question 1

The matching phenomenon purports that preferring a long-term partner who is similar to oneself in looks (and other qualities)reduces the chances of either rejection or dissatisfaction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

Explain what is meant by infantile separation distress.

Accepted Answer

Infantile separation distress refers to attention focused on the lost other and extreme discomfort at that person's inaccessibility.It comes about due to a child being separated from a caregiver unexpectedly.The child is reacting to separation-in this case,to the loss of the most important person in his or her life.In the process of attachment,the human infant associates satisfaction and need gratification with only one or two specific others.

Question 3

Suppose you view yourself as a 6 on a 10-point scale of physical attractiveness.Research suggests that in selecting a long-term partner,you most likely would choose a person who is a(n)______.

Accepted Answer

A)   4
B)   6
C)   8
D)   10 B

Question 4

In applying attachment styles to your life,the authors of Chapter 15 ("Personal Relationships")state that

Accepted Answer

A)   individuals should seek partners whose attachment styles complement their own styles (e.g., preoccupied and dismissing) 
B)   whereas moderate change in attachment styles can occur, it seldom is possible to change from an insecure attachment style to a secure one
C)   early in interactions with others, individuals should be sure to communicate their attachment needs
D)   later in interactions with others, individuals should be sure to communicate their attachment needs

Question 5

Environmental spoiling refers to the effect whereby the more contact you have with an unpleasant person,the more you will like him or her.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Mathew never has met Brenda Sue but wants her to become attracted to him.Therefore,he begins to spend time in places that Brenda Sue frequents (e.g.,gym and coffee shop)and to take advantage of opportunities to engage in mutual eye contact.Mathew is applying ______,which he read about in his social psychology text.

Accepted Answer

A)   the primacy effect
B)   the familiarity effect
C)   environmental enrichment
D)   the power of the person

Question 7

The ______ refers to the tendency to be especially influenced by information that is presented first.

Accepted Answer

A)   primacy effect
B)   proximity effect
C)   secondary effect
D)   familiarity effect

Question 8

In Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet,the attraction of the potential lovers was intensified by the disapproval of significant others.Research suggests that if significant others in your life disapprove of your romantic partner,

Accepted Answer

A)   the disapproval will indeed intensify your relationship with your romantic partner
B)   the disapproval will compromise your relationship with your romantic partner
C)   the disapproval will have no effect your relationship with your romantic partner
D)   the disapproval will weaken your relationship with those who disapprove

Question 9

In traditional Eastern societies,the goal of marriage is social order,and thus,intimate relationships are a means to preserve family unity and social order.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Schachter (1959)conducted a classic experiment in which participants anticipated they soon would receive electric shocks.This experiment suggested that high fear

Accepted Answer

A)   increased the participants' liking for each other
B)   decreased the participants' liking for each other
C)   increased the participants' tendencies to affiliate
D)   decreased the participants' tendencies to affiliate

Question 11

Proximity and familiarity are two key social psychological concepts related to attraction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The physical attractiveness stereotype means that

Accepted Answer

A)   physically unattractive people are unlikely to get promoted at work
B)   physically attractive people are generally better employees than are physically unattractive people
C)   physically attractive people are perceived to have positive qualities while unattractive people are perceived to have negative qualities
D)   physically attractive people are perceived to have negative qualities while unattractive people are perceived to have positive qualities

Question 13

Identify the four patterns of adult attachment identified in the text,and describe characteristics of each.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify the four patterns of adult attachment...

Question 14

As reported in Chapter 15 ("Personal Relationships"),compared with married people who originally met face to face,married people who originally met online are ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   less physically attractive
B)   more satisfied in their relationships
C)   less satisfied in their relationships
D)   more likely to have an Internet addiction

Question 15

In a meta-analytic review of over 100 experimental studies on the psychological effects of social exclusion (e.g.,rejection and ostracism),Blackhart,Nelson,Knowles,and Baumeister (2009)found that

Accepted Answer

A)   when participants experienced an act of rejection, their emotional states did shift in a negative direction (most starting in the positive range) , but their resulting emotions were not negative but were neutral or slightly positive
B)   rejected people reported affective states that could be described as negative, distressed, or upset
C)   rejection produced a detectable drop in self-esteem
D)   rejection produced a detectable increase in self-esteem

Question 16

According to the text,your choice of a trait in each of the following pairs may be used to gauge your ______: strong or kind,intelligent or generous,friendly or brave,helpful or artistic,and popular or sympathetic.

Accepted Answer

A)   strength of character
B)   social orientation
C)   level of integrity
D)   degree of personal control

Question 17

Affiliation and attraction are synonymous within social psychology,as both are associated with being drawn to another person,regardless of one's conscious wishes or circumstances.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The primacy effect refers to the tendency to be especially influenced by information that is presented last.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

In individualistic cultures,where community cooperation is valued more than individual distinction,a potential mate is especially prized for practical virtues,such as possessing money and household management skills.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

In an experiment by Van Straaten,Engels,Finkenauer,and Holland (2009),university students (both attractive and less attractive)conversed with an opposite-sex confederate whose physical attractiveness also was varied (high versus low).The study found that

Accepted Answer

A)   attractive men showed more approach behavior with attractive women
B)   both attractive men and women showed more approach behavior with attractive members of the opposite sex
C)   attractive women showed more approach behavior with attractive men than with less attractive men
D)   none of these

Exam 15: Applying Social Psychology to Personal Relationships

The matching phenomenon purports that preferring a long-term partner who is similar to oneself in looks (and other qualities)reduces the chances of either rejection or dissatisfaction.

Explain what is meant by infantile separation distress.

Suppose you view yourself as a 6 on a 10-point scale of physical attractiveness.Research suggests that in selecting a long-term partner,you most likely would choose a person who is a(n) ______.

In applying attachment styles to your life,the authors of Chapter 15 ("Personal Relationships") state that

Environmental spoiling refers to the effect whereby the more contact you have with an unpleasant person,the more you will like him or her.

The ______ refers to the tendency to be especially influenced by information that is presented first.

In Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet,the attraction of the potential lovers was intensified by the disapproval of significant others.Research suggests that if significant others in your life disapprove of your romantic partner,

In traditional Eastern societies,the goal of marriage is social order,and thus,intimate relationships are a means to preserve family unity and social order.

Schachter (1959) conducted a classic experiment in which participants anticipated they soon would receive electric shocks.This experiment suggested that high fear

Proximity and familiarity are two key social psychological concepts related to attraction.

The physical attractiveness stereotype means that

Identify the four patterns of adult attachment identified in the text,and describe characteristics of each.

As reported in Chapter 15 ("Personal Relationships") ,compared with married people who originally met face to face,married people who originally met online are ______.

In a meta-analytic review of over 100 experimental studies on the psychological effects of social exclusion (e.g.,rejection and ostracism) ,Blackhart,Nelson,Knowles,and Baumeister (2009) found that

According to the text,your choice of a trait in each of the following pairs may be used to gauge your ______: strong or kind,intelligent or generous,friendly or brave,helpful or artistic,and popular or sympathetic.

Affiliation and attraction are synonymous within social psychology,as both are associated with being drawn to another person,regardless of one's conscious wishes or circumstances.

The primacy effect refers to the tendency to be especially influenced by information that is presented last.

In individualistic cultures,where community cooperation is valued more than individual distinction,a potential mate is especially prized for practical virtues,such as possessing money and household management skills.

In an experiment by Van Straaten,Engels,Finkenauer,and Holland (2009) ,university students (both attractive and less attractive) conversed with an opposite-sex confederate whose physical attractiveness also was varied (high versus low) .The study found that