Question 1

You are in a group with the task of brainstorming a solution to a problem. How could you enhance your group's task?

Accepted Answer

There are several ways to enhance our group's brainstorming task. Firstly, we could establish clear objectives and goals for the brainstorming session, ensuring that everyone understands the problem we are trying to solve and the desired outcome. This can help to focus our discussion and prevent us from going off on tangents.

Secondly, we could encourage open and honest communication within the group. This means creating a safe and inclusive environment where everyone feels comfortable sharing their ideas, even if they are unconventional or outside the box. This can lead to more creative and innovative solutions to the problem at hand.

Additionally, we could use brainstorming techniques such as mind mapping, role-playing, or reverse thinking to stimulate different perspectives and ideas within the group. This can help to break free from conventional thinking and generate new and unique solutions.

Finally, we could set aside time for individual reflection before coming together as a group to share and discuss our ideas. This can allow each member to fully explore their thoughts and come up with more developed and thought-out solutions.

By implementing these strategies, we can enhance our group's brainstorming task and increase the likelihood of finding a successful solution to the problem at hand.

Question 2

A young manager heads a team of 13 members who work together on a technical project. He finds that his team is not able to generate creative ideas lately. According to Brown and Paulus (2002), which of the following should he adopt to enhance group brainstorming in this scenario?

Accepted Answer

A)   Admonish brainstormers "not to criticize."
B)   Motivate brainstormers to speak and listen to one another.
C)   Encourage group members to express their differences verbally.
D)   Have group members interact by writing. D

Question 3

Research on brainstorming (Paulus et al., 1995, 2000, 2011; Rietzschel et al., 2006; Stroebe & Diehl, 1994) reveals that people working ________ will generate ________ good ideas.

Accepted Answer

A)   alone; fewer
B)   in pairs; more
C)   in large groups; more
D)   alone; more D

Question 4

A young doctor is part of a doctors' team that is operating on a critical patient. Her team decides to follow a shortcut method to avoid blood loss during the surgery. The young doctor is aware of the risks of such a shortcut method; however, she expresses her doubts less quickly than other doctors and gets ridiculed for her dissenting views. The young doctor most likely exhibits ________ in this scenario.

Accepted Answer

A)   a norm formation attitude
B)   social comparison
C)   pluralistic ignorance
D)   a minority slowness effect

Question 5

List and provide examples of each of the three determinants of minority influence.

Accepted Answer

The answer of List and provide examples of each of...

Question 6

When people work together in creative teams, one solution is to _____ (Brown & Paulus, 2002; Paulus & Coskun, 2012; Paulus & Korde, 2014).

Accepted Answer

A)   welcome critiques from outside experts and associates
B)   alternate group and individual brainstorming
C)   admonish brainstormers "not to criticize"
D)   focus on solitary brainstorming

Question 7

Norman Triplett conducted one of social psychology's first laboratory experiments by asking children to wind string on a fishing reel. The results of the study indicated that the children worked ________ on their fishing reel when co-actors were competing with them in contrast to when they worked alone.

Accepted Answer

A)   uninterestedly
B)   slower
C)   faster
D)   leisurely

Question 8

In its current meaning, ________ refers to the strengthening of dominant responses in the presence of others.

Accepted Answer

A)   social inhibition
B)   informational influence
C)   the social facilitation effect
D)   the groupthink effect

Question 9

In which of the following situations will deindividuation most likely occur?

Accepted Answer

A)   when individuals lose their sense of anonymity
B)   when individuals in a group are completely self-aware of their activities
C)   when there is an absence of distracting activities
D)   when the group size is large

Question 10

Summarize Donelson Forsyth's theory (2020) about how groupthink symptoms contributed to group actions during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Summarize Donelson Forsyth's theory (2020) about how...

Question 11

A girl has a crush on a boy but is afraid to ask him out because she does not think he is interested in her. The same boy has a crush on the same girl but hasn't asked for her phone number because he thinks she'll say "no." This is a case of

Accepted Answer

A)   group polarization.
B)   social comparison.
C)   groupthink.
D)   pluralistic ignorance.

Question 12

Describe how normative and informational influence can help us understand group polarization.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe how normative and informational influence can...

Question 13

If social arousal facilitates dominant responses, it should boost performance on which tasks?

Accepted Answer

A)   difficult tasks
B)   new tasks
C)   analytical tasks
D)   easy tasks

Question 14

Myers and Bishop (1970) conducted studies where groups of relatively prejudiced and unprejudiced high school students had discussions on issues involving racial attitudes. According to these studies, which of the following is true of the attitudes of students before and after these discussions?

Accepted Answer

A)   The discussions among like-minded students did indeed decrease the initial gap between the two groups.
B)   Discussion increased polarization between homogeneous groups of high-prejudice and low-prejudice students.
C)   Talking over racial issues decreased prejudice in a high-prejudice group and increased it in a low-prejudice group.
D)   Participants evaluated how much the discussion polarized their attitudes, remembering their earlier attitudes as more extreme than they actually were.

Question 15

People who are made self-aware by acting in front of a mirror or TV camera have been found to

Accepted Answer

A)   exhibit increased self-confidence.
B)   behave more consistently with their attitudes.
C)   be less thoughtful in analyzing complex social issues.
D)   be more vulnerable to persuasive appeals that run counter to social norms.

Question 16

The fact that people associate mostly with others whose attitudes are similar to their own suggests the prevalence of naturally occurring

Accepted Answer

A)   groupthink.
B)   social facilitation.
C)   minority influence.
D)   group polarization.

Question 17

People in ________ cultures exhibit less social loafing than people in ________ cultures.

Accepted Answer

A)   individualistic; collectivistic
B)   collectivistic; individualistic
C)   independent; narcissistic
D)   narcissistic; independent

Question 18

The concern for how others are assessing us is called

Accepted Answer

A)   social ostracism.
B)   deindividuation.
C)   evaluation apprehension.
D)   the self-fulfilling prophecy.

Question 19

"Self-awareness is the opposite of deindividuation."
Explain this statement.

Accepted Answer

The answer of "Self-awareness is the opposite of deindividuation."
Explain this...

Question 20

One effect of deindividuation is

Accepted Answer

A)   a risky shift.
B)   increased self-awareness.
C)   social facilitation.
D)   diminished self-restraint.

Exam 8: Group Influence