Question 1

Using reason as opposed to intuition in making a decision would be considered __________ thought.

Accepted Answer

A)  inductive 
B)  deductive 
C)  logical 
D)  illogical

Question 2

Thinking that produces many ideas or alternatives is referred to as __________ thinking.

Accepted Answer

A)  intuitive 
B)  deductive 
C)  convergent 
D)  divergent

Question 3

Problem finding is a characteristic of __________ thinking.

Accepted Answer

A)  intuitive 
B)  deductive 
C)  creative 
D)  inductive

Question 4

World class chess experts are especially good at

Accepted Answer

A)  pattern recognition. 
B)  algorithmic knowledge. 
C)  rote strategies. 
D)  trial-and-error strategies.

Question 5

When a person uses fables and stories from their particular culture to solve new problems,such as using the Hansel and Gretel story to solve the problem of not getting lost in a cave,the person is using

Accepted Answer

A)  selective intuition. 
B)  selective comparison. 
C)  selective combination. 
D)  selective encoding.

Question 6

Regarding creative persons,which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Creative people seek fame and success. 
B)  Creatie people have very superior intelligence. 
C)  Creative people have bizarre and outlandish personalities and are usually socially inept. 
D)  Creative people are open to a wide variety of experiences.

Question 7

You are asked to plant four small trees so that each is an equal distance from all the others.If you believe that the trees all have to be planted on level ground,you will be unable to correctly answer this problem because you are exhibiting

Accepted Answer

A)  disjunctive thinking. 
B)  fixation. 
C)  consolidation. 
D)  functional incubation.

Question 8

Functional fixedness,or conventions about uses or meanings,fall under the category of which barriers to problem solving?

Accepted Answer

A)  cultural 
B)  learned 
C)  perceptual 
D)  emotional

Question 9

Framing decisions narrowly

Accepted Answer

A)  greatly increases the risk of making a poor choice. 
B)  greatly increases your chances of making a good choice. 
C)  helps individuals think more critically and analytically. 
D)  prevents intuitive thinking.

Question 10

Experts base their skills on all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  specific organized knowledge. 
B)  acquired strategies. 
C)  learned heuristics. 
D)  representativeness algorithms.

Question 11

Intuition involves

Accepted Answer

A)  using novel, or unusual solutions. 
B)  quick, impulsive thoughts. 
C)  imagination and mystical experiences. 
D)  the use of denotative meanings for subjective experiences.

Question 12

"Try working backward from the desired goal to the starting point or current state." This advice describes a

Accepted Answer

A)  syllogism. 
B)  heuristic. 
C)  prototype. 
D)  dimension of the semantic differential.

Question 13

The Anagrams Test,the Unusual Uses Test,and the Consequences Test are used to measure

Accepted Answer

A)  mental sets. 
B)  non-verbal intelligence. 
C)  creativity. 
D)  convergent thinking.

Question 14

Personal rituals,such as counting to ten,meditating for a moment,and engaging in superstitious behaviors like crossing your fingers before moving ahead,

Accepted Answer

A)  can be calming and prevent one from making decisions based on intensive emotions. 
B)  are examples of a person using the representative heuristic. 
C)  can lead to functional fixedness in problem-solving. 
D)  are characteristic of eccentric, highly creative persons who are emotionally disturbed.

Question 15

The error in intuitive thinking in which a choice is given greater weight if it seems to relate to what we already know is called the

Accepted Answer

A)  framing heuristic. 
B)  base rate. 
C)  representativeness heuristic. 
D)  relational heuristic.

Question 16

Although there is a 50 percent divorce rate,people still readily get married every year.These decisions probably would not occur if people did not

Accepted Answer

A)  ignore the base rate. 
B)  use the representative heuristic. 
C)  frame this event very broadly. 
D)  use a random search strategy for making decisions.

Question 17

A corporate manager wants to solve a business problem but becomes stern and angry when members of his marketing team joke playfully about possible solutions.This manager is exhibiting which barrier to problem solving?

Accepted Answer

A)  cultural 
B)  learned 
C)  perceptual 
D)  emotional

Question 18

Problem-solving strategies that reduce the number of steps necessary to solve a problem are called

Accepted Answer

A)  semantic differentials. 
B)  mechanical solutions. 
C)  heuristics. 
D)  trial-and-error strategies.

Question 19

If a test question asks you to name as many uses for a pencil as possible,you would use which type of thinking?

Accepted Answer

A)  deductive 
B)  inductive 
C)  convergent 
D)  divergent

Question 20

A test for creativity in which the subject must make as many words as possible by rearranging the letters in the sample word is the

Accepted Answer

A)  Creative Aptitude Test. 
B)  Consequences Test. 
C)  Guilford Test for Creativity. 
D)  Anagrams Test.

Exam 8: B: Cognition,language,and Creativity

Using reason as opposed to intuition in making a decision would be considered __________ thought.

Thinking that produces many ideas or alternatives is referred to as __________ thinking.

Problem finding is a characteristic of __________ thinking.

World class chess experts are especially good at

When a person uses fables and stories from their particular culture to solve new problems,such as using the Hansel and Gretel story to solve the problem of not getting lost in a cave,the person is using

Regarding creative persons,which of the following statements is TRUE?

You are asked to plant four small trees so that each is an equal distance from all the others.If you believe that the trees all have to be planted on level ground,you will be unable to correctly answer this problem because you are exhibiting

Functional fixedness,or conventions about uses or meanings,fall under the category of which barriers to problem solving?

Framing decisions narrowly

Experts base their skills on all of the following EXCEPT

Intuition involves

"Try working backward from the desired goal to the starting point or current state." This advice describes a

The Anagrams Test,the Unusual Uses Test,and the Consequences Test are used to measure

Personal rituals,such as counting to ten,meditating for a moment,and engaging in superstitious behaviors like crossing your fingers before moving ahead,

The error in intuitive thinking in which a choice is given greater weight if it seems to relate to what we already know is called the

Although there is a 50 percent divorce rate,people still readily get married every year.These decisions probably would not occur if people did not

A corporate manager wants to solve a business problem but becomes stern and angry when members of his marketing team joke playfully about possible solutions.This manager is exhibiting which barrier to problem solving?

Problem-solving strategies that reduce the number of steps necessary to solve a problem are called

If a test question asks you to name as many uses for a pencil as possible,you would use which type of thinking?

A test for creativity in which the subject must make as many words as possible by rearranging the letters in the sample word is the