Question 1

While reading a book about Sigmund Freud,you come upon the term psychosomatic.You cannot quite figure out the meaning of the word from the context in which it is used,and so you bring to mind your rudimentary knowledge of the parts of the word.You know that psycho has to do with the mind or with thinking,and you also know that somatic has to do with the body.Looking back at the book,you come to the conclusion that psychosomatic has to do with the mind's influence on one's physical state.You have just relied on

Accepted Answer

A)  selective attention. 
B)  selective encoding. 
C)  selective comparison. 
D)  selective search strategies.

Question 2

You want exactly nine gallons of water,but you have only a seven-gallon bucket and a five-gallon bucket.Although you,at first,do not see how these two buckets can help,you realize that you can use them in the following way: fill the seven-gallon bucket,then pour it in the five-gallon bucket,leaving two gallons in the seven-gallon bucket.Pour out the five-gallon,pour the two gallons of water in the five-gallon and refill the seven-gallon bucket and you have a total of nine gallons of water.To solve this problem,you had to use

Accepted Answer

A)  selective comparison. 
B)  selective attention. 
C)  selective encoding. 
D)  selective combination.

Question 3

After working to solve a problem for three hours,Larry has just about "given up" until he suddenly realizes the "perfect" solution and wonders why he did not think of it sooner.Larry has just experienced

Accepted Answer

A)  inductive thought. 
B)  deductive thought. 
C)  functional fixedness. 
D)  insight.

Question 4

In selecting a career,it is best to

Accepted Answer

A)  frame this problem in narrow, specific terms related to your particular skills. 
B)  frame this problem in the broadest way and consider many factors, including future employment outlook, pay, and job satisfaction. 
C)  trust your intuition. 
D)  decide based on what employment activity you most like to do.

Question 5

Regarding creative thinking skills,which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Creative thinking skills appear to be totally inherited. 
B)  Some creative thinking skills can be learned. 
C)  Creative thinking skills have a high positive correlation with a person's intelligence. 
D)  Most creative thinking skills are highly correlated with a person's motivation for fame and success.

Question 6

Divergent thinking is a characteristic of vivid waking fantasies called

Accepted Answer

A)  intuition. 
B)  daydreams. 
C)  conventional thoughts. 
D)  eidetic imagery.

Question 7

Madie is taking the Anagrams Test,while Greg is taking the Consequences Test.Both of these are used to measure

Accepted Answer

A)  mental sets. 
B)  inductive thinking. 
C)  logical reasoning. 
D)  divergent thinking.

Question 8

The problem-solving ability known as "selective comparison" involves comparing new problems with

Accepted Answer

A)  old information or with problems already solved. 
B)  novel possibilities for uses of objects used in problem-solving. 
C)  mental images of projected solutions. 
D)  seemingly unrelated bits of information.

Question 9

Jan asks her friend Whitney to run to her new apartment near campus and get her report that she left on the table by the door so she will not miss the test.She hands Whitney her key ring that has eight keys on it.Whitney runs to the apartment and then realizes that she does not know which key will open the door; so she just starts trying one key and then another,hoping by chance to find the right one.Finally,the fifth key she tries opens the door.To solve the "key" problem,Whitney was using

Accepted Answer

A)  insight. 
B)  pragmatics. 
C)  a general solution. 
D)  a random search strategy.

Question 10

When you made a poor grade on history in high school,you made sure you read the chapters twice before taking the next test.Although this strategy has NOT worked in college,you continue this INEFFECTIVE strategy,disregarding the instructor's study advice.Your continued poor performance on tests is due to

Accepted Answer

A)  disjunctive thinking. 
B)  fixation. 
C)  consolidation. 
D)  functional incubation.

Question 11

Many people vote for a candidate based more on whether they like the candidate or not,rather than voting for the candidate that is the most qualified for the job,which illustrates how one's judgment can be affected by

Accepted Answer

A)  ignoring the base rate. 
B)  the unconscious mind. 
C)  emotion. 
D)  divergent thinking.

Question 12

When Archimedes,the famous mathematician,stepped into his overly full bath,he immediately realized the solution to the crown problem.He then ran naked through the streets shouting,"Eureka,Eureka," an activity which is not a requirement of this stage known as

Accepted Answer

A)  preparation. 
B)  incubation. 
C)  illumination. 
D)  verification.

Question 13

Meg rarely wears her seat belt and often texts on her phone while she drives.However,she does not believe she will have an accident.Meg is exhibiting which intuitive thinking error?

Accepted Answer

A)  allowing too much time for incubation of the problem 
B)  framing a problem broadly 
C)  ignoring the base rate 
D)  the representativeness heuristic

Question 14

A beginning artist concentrates on drawing a vase of flowers without seeing that the "empty" spaces around the vase are part of the composition,too.This illustrates which barrier to problem-solving?

Accepted Answer

A)  emotional 
B)  cultural 
C)  learned 
D)  perceptual

Question 15

If you know that your best friend is allergic to shellfish,you know that she is allergic to clams,oysters,shrimp,and lobster.Going from this general statement of allergy to shellfish to specific examples of this allergy illustrates __________ thought.

Accepted Answer

A)  deductive 
B)  inductive 
C)  intuitive 
D)  creative

Question 16

Edgar is a highly creative artist,who exhibits periods of time when he stays awake and paints for days when he is in a manic state and then descends into a state of deep depression in which he stays in bed.Edgar appears to be suffering from

Accepted Answer

A)  disorganized schizophrenia. 
B)  obsessive-compulsive disorder. 
C)  a mood disorder. 
D)  a dissociative fugue disorder.

Question 17

Which humantistic psychologist believed that we must live honestly and creatively to make full use of our potentials?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rollo May 
B)  Abraham Maslow 
C)  Carl Rogers 
D)  Victor Frankl

Question 18

Using a Chinese fable about how villagers were able to weigh an elephant,a student was able to solve a problem regarding how much gold would match a statue's weight without using a balance scale.The student is using

Accepted Answer

A)  selective intuition. 
B)  selective comparison. 
C)  selective combination. 
D)  selective encoding.

Question 19

The incubation stage of creative thought

Accepted Answer

A)  involves a rapid insight or series of insights. 
B)  involves subconscious processing of the problem and possible solutions. 
C)  involves the creative thinker saturating himself or herself with pertinent information. 
D)  is where the creative thinker tests and evaluates his or her solution.

Question 20

The correlation between IQ and creativity is

Accepted Answer

A)  a very high positive correlation. 
B)  a small positive correlation. 
C)  zero. 
D)  a negative correlation.

Exam 8: B: Cognition,language,and Creativity