Question 1

When may research participants withdraw from a study?

Accepted Answer

A) Participants may withdraw at any time in a study. 
B) Once participants have signed the informed consent, they must finish the study. 
C) If participants have not completed more than half of the study, they may withdraw. 
D) If participants compensate the researcher for time lost, they may withdraw from the study.

Question 2

Random assignment is to ____ as random sampling is to ____.

Accepted Answer

A) control of confounding variables; representative population 
B) representative population; control of confounding variables 
C) experiment; quasi-experiment 
D) quasi-experiment; experiment

Question 3

Research that demonstrated that Black children often preferred playing with a White doll than a Black doll was cited in Brown v.Board of Education of Topeka,in which the Supreme Court ruled that segregation of public schools was unconstitutional.Who conducted this research?

Accepted Answer

A) Martin Seligman and Ed Diener 
B) Kenneth Clark and Mamie Phipps Clark 
C) Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers

Question 4

Lamont is a researcher at a university,who wants to do a study to determine if alcohol use predicts motor skill performance in college students.Before conducting this study,Lamont should have his study approved by the ____.

Accepted Answer

A) faculty senate at his school 
B) company making the drink used in his study 
C) student government association at his school 
D) institutional review board at his school

Question 5

Dr.Ali is a psychologist who believes that psychology should not attempt to understand the mind,but rather focus on understanding the observable actions that people and animals engage in.Dr.Ali's point of view is most compatible with the approach to psychology known as ____.

Accepted Answer

A) psychoanalytic theory 
B) behaviorism 
C) functionalism 
D) structuralism

Question 6

Cognitive psychologists acknowledge that mental processes are not directly observable to the eye,but assert that they ____.

Accepted Answer

A) are at least as important as unconscious processes 
B) can be inferred from performance data 
C) are still primarily the result of biological influences 
D) cannot be indirectly observed either

Question 7

Liam is a psychologist who helps athletes get the most out of their athletic potential by focusing on their internal motivation and relationships with teammates.Most likely,Liam is a(n)____ psychologist.

Accepted Answer

A) sports 
B) personality 
C) athletic 
D) clinical

Question 8

Your psychology teacher believes that for psychology to be truly scientific,it must focus on observable and measurable actions.Your teacher is most likely a ____.

Accepted Answer

A) behaviorist 
B) humanist 
C) psychoanalytic theorist 
D) clinical psychologist

Question 9

Causal hypotheses can only be tested when the researcher has the ability to ____ the main variables of the study.

Accepted Answer

A) predict or assess 
B) control or manipulate 
C) identify or understand 
D) estimate or measure

Question 10

Who is most associated with psychoanalysis?

Accepted Answer

A) Freud 
B) Pavlov 
C) Watson 
D) Skinner

Question 11

The independent variable is to the dependent variable as ____ is to ____.

Accepted Answer

A) uncontrolled; controlled 
B) cause; effect 
C) criterion; predictor 
D) outcome; input

Question 12

What psychological perspective is most likely to view anxiety as product of unresolved feelings of hostility,guilt,anger,or sexual attraction experienced in childhood?

Accepted Answer

A) behavioral 
B) sociocultural 
C) psychodynamic 
D) humanistic

Question 13

Dr.Haupt has discovered that often,abusive parents themselves had parents who used harsh physical punishment on them.Having discovered this will most likely allow Dr.Haupt to fulfill which goal of psychology?

Accepted Answer

A) predicting behavior 
B) describing behavior 
C) controlling behavior 
D) explaining behavior

Question 14

Therapists and sports psychologists use psychology in order to help people change their behavior.This is an example of which goal of psychology?

Accepted Answer

A) description 
B) prediction 
C) explanation 
D) control

Question 15

Your psychology professor studies processes like thought,memory,and knowledge.She is most likely what type of psychologist?

Accepted Answer

A) psychoanalytic 
B) cognitive 
C) humanist 
D) behaviorist

Question 16

Any object or event that is perceived by our senses is called a(n)____.

Accepted Answer

A) diathesis 
B) reinforcer 
C) stimulus 
D) sensation

Question 17

The Ph.D.in psychology focuses more on ____,while the Psy.D.concentrates more on ____.

Accepted Answer

A) clinical training; research 
B) psychological assessment; experimentation 
C) research; clinical training 
D) therapy; research

Question 18

Reactivity presents the biggest problem in ____.

Accepted Answer

A) case studies 
B) experiments 
C) archival studies 
D) naturalistic observations

Question 19

Aisha wants to study how individuals interact with and influence each other.She should probably go into ____.

Accepted Answer

A) social psychology 
B) developmental psychology 
C) cross-cultural psychology 
D) personality psychology

Question 20

Examine three misconceptions people commonly hold about psychology.Refute these misconceptions based on what you have learned about what psychology is,and how psychologists actually engage in studying the human experience.

Accepted Answer

The answer of  Examine three misconceptions people commonly hold about...

Exam 1: The Science of Psychology