Question 1

How much of the body's calcium resides within the ECF?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​0.1%
B)  1%
C)  10%
D)  50%
E)  ​99% A

Question 2

Thyroid hormone increases target-cell responsiveness to catecholamines,such as:

Accepted Answer

A)  ​tyrosine and lysine
B)  monoiodotyrosine and di-iodotyrosine
C)  epinephrine and norepinephrine
D)  FSH and LH
E)  ​serotonin and dopamine C

Question 3

Define stress,and describe factors that elicit a stress response.

Accepted Answer

​Stress is the generalized,nonspecific response of the body to any factor that overwhelms,or threatens to overwhelm,the body's compensatory abilities to maintain homeostasis.Contrary to popular usage,the agent inducing the response is correctly called a stressor,whereas stress refers to the state induced by the stressor.The following types of noxious stimuli illustrate the range of factors that can induce a stress response: physical (trauma,surgery,intense heat or cold);chemical (reduced O₂ supply,acid-base imbalance);physiologic (heavy exercise,hemorrhagic shock,pain);infectious (bacterial invasion);psychological or emotional (anxiety,fear,sorrow);and social (personal conflicts,change in lifestyle).

Question 4

The follicular cells produce two iodine-containing hormones derived from the amino acid __________: tetraiodothyronine (T4)and __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The follicular cells produce two iodine-containing hormones...

Question 5

What is the term for vitamin D deficiency in adults?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​osteomalacia
B)  osteoporosis
C)  osteosarcoma
D)  rickets
E)  ​Cushing's disease

Question 6

Discuss the consequences of vitamin D deficiency.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss the consequences of vitamin D deficiency....

Question 7

Superimposed on the basic negative-feedback control system are two additional factors that influence plasma cortisol concentrations:​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​gluconeogenesis and hypertension
B)  diurnal rhythm and stress
C)  high blood sugar levels and stress
D)  low blood sugar levels and stress
E)  ​diurnal rhythm and hypertension

Question 8

Insulin stimulates __________,the production of glycogen from glucose,in skeletal muscle and the liver.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Insulin stimulates __________,the production of glycogen from...

Question 9

What vitamin does parathyroid hormone enhance activation of in the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​vitamin A
B)  vitamin B₆
C)  vitamin C
D)  vitamin D
E)  ​vitamin E

Question 10

What does Cushing's syndrome reflect?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​excessive aldosterone secretion
B)  insufficient aldosterone secretion
C)  androgen hypersecretion
D)  excessive cortisol secretion
E)  ​insufficient cortisol secretion

Question 11

The liver plays the primary role in maintaining normal blood glucose levels.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

A fall in blood fatty acid concentration directly inhibits insulin output and stimulates glucagon output by the liver.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

What are the two basic "ingredients" for the synthesis of thyroid hormone?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​tyrosine and calcium
B)  lysine and calcium
C)  dopamine and iron
D)  arginine and iodine
E)  ​tyrosine and iodine

Question 14

Figure 19-24a
Use the figure above (Figure 19-24a)to answer the corresponding questions.
 
-Which number in the figure represents an osteocyte?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​1
B)  2
C)  3
D)  4
E)  ​5

Question 15

Insulin excess can occur in a diabetic patient when too much insulin has been injected for the person's caloric intake and exercise level,resulting in __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Insulin excess can occur in a diabetic...

Question 16

Excess adrenal androgen secretion,a masculinizing condition,is far less common than the feminizing condition of excess adrenal estrogen secretion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Hyperparathyroidism,which is usually caused by a hypersecreting tumor in one of the parathyroid glands,is characterized by hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Excessive adrenal androgen secretion in young boys causes them to prematurely develop male secondary sexual characteristics,a condition called __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Excessive adrenal androgen secretion in young boys...

Question 19

Cortisol is bound mostly to a plasma protein specific for it,which is known as __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Cortisol is bound mostly to a plasma...

Question 20

Osteoblasts produce two chemical signals that govern osteoclast development and activity in opposite ways: RANK ligand and __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Osteoblasts produce two chemical signals that govern...

Exam 19: The Peripheral Endocrine Glands

How much of the body's calcium resides within the ECF?

Thyroid hormone increases target-cell responsiveness to catecholamines,such as:

Define stress,and describe factors that elicit a stress response.

The follicular cells produce two iodine-containing hormones derived from the amino acid : tetraiodothyronine (T4)and .

What is the term for vitamin D deficiency in adults?

Discuss the consequences of vitamin D deficiency.

Superimposed on the basic negative-feedback control system are two additional factors that influence plasma cortisol concentrations:

Insulin stimulates __________,the production of glycogen from glucose,in skeletal muscle and the liver.

What vitamin does parathyroid hormone enhance activation of in the kidneys?

What does Cushing's syndrome reflect?

The liver plays the primary role in maintaining normal blood glucose levels.

A fall in blood fatty acid concentration directly inhibits insulin output and stimulates glucagon output by the liver.

What are the two basic "ingredients" for the synthesis of thyroid hormone?

Figure 19-24a Use the figure above (Figure 19-24a) to answer the corresponding questions. -Which number in the figure represents an osteocyte?

Insulin excess can occur in a diabetic patient when too much insulin has been injected for the person's caloric intake and exercise level,resulting in __________.

Excess adrenal androgen secretion,a masculinizing condition,is far less common than the feminizing condition of excess adrenal estrogen secretion.

Hyperparathyroidism,which is usually caused by a hypersecreting tumor in one of the parathyroid glands,is characterized by hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia.

Excessive adrenal androgen secretion in young boys causes them to prematurely develop male secondary sexual characteristics,a condition called __________.

Cortisol is bound mostly to a plasma protein specific for it,which is known as __________.

Osteoblasts produce two chemical signals that govern osteoclast development and activity in opposite ways: RANK ligand and __________.

Exam 19: The Peripheral Endocrine Glands

How much of the body's calcium resides within the ECF?

Thyroid hormone increases target-cell responsiveness to catecholamines,such as:

Define stress,and describe factors that elicit a stress response.

The follicular cells produce two iodine-containing hormones derived from the amino acid __________: tetraiodothyronine (T4)and __________.

What is the term for vitamin D deficiency in adults?

Discuss the consequences of vitamin D deficiency.

Superimposed on the basic negative-feedback control system are two additional factors that influence plasma cortisol concentrations:​

Insulin stimulates __________,the production of glycogen from glucose,in skeletal muscle and the liver.

What vitamin does parathyroid hormone enhance activation of in the kidneys?

What does Cushing's syndrome reflect?

The liver plays the primary role in maintaining normal blood glucose levels.​

A fall in blood fatty acid concentration directly inhibits insulin output and stimulates glucagon output by the liver.

What are the two basic "ingredients" for the synthesis of thyroid hormone?

Figure 19-24a Use the figure above (Figure 19-24a) to answer the corresponding questions. -Which number in the figure represents an osteocyte?

Insulin excess can occur in a diabetic patient when too much insulin has been injected for the person's caloric intake and exercise level,resulting in __________.

Excess adrenal androgen secretion,a masculinizing condition,is far less common than the feminizing condition of excess adrenal estrogen secretion.

Hyperparathyroidism,which is usually caused by a hypersecreting tumor in one of the parathyroid glands,is characterized by hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia.

Excessive adrenal androgen secretion in young boys causes them to prematurely develop male secondary sexual characteristics,a condition called __________.

Cortisol is bound mostly to a plasma protein specific for it,which is known as __________.

Osteoblasts produce two chemical signals that govern osteoclast development and activity in opposite ways: RANK ligand and __________.

The follicular cells produce two iodine-containing hormones derived from the amino acid : tetraiodothyronine (T4)and .

Superimposed on the basic negative-feedback control system are two additional factors that influence plasma cortisol concentrations:

The liver plays the primary role in maintaining normal blood glucose levels.