Question 1

Erikson would argue that 80-year-old Mable is most likely confronting the psychosocial issue of

Accepted Answer

A)  identity versus role confusion. 
B)  autonomy versus self-doubt. 
C)  industry versus inferiority. 
D)  integrity versus despair.

Question 2

The process of developing an ethnic identity is

Accepted Answer

A)  very similar to developing other forms of identity. 
B)  quite distinct from forming other identities since ethnicity is not chosen. 
C)  easier than the process of forming other types of identities. 
D)  completed earlier than the formation of other identities.

Question 3

According to Erikson, most middle-aged people are dealing with a crisis of _____ versus stagnation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Erikson, most middle-aged people are...

Question 4

Personality traits are assumed to be

Accepted Answer

A)  consistent across both time and situation. 
B)  consistent across time but inconsistent across situation. 
C)  inconsistent across time but consistent across situation. 
D)  inconsistent across both time and situation.

Question 5

When considering himself, Shaggy thinks, "While I am not any of these things, I should be smarter, less afraid, and good at detective work." These thoughts best represent Shaggy's

Accepted Answer

A)  ideal self. 
B)  temperament. 
C)  self-recognition. 
D)  joint attention.

Question 6

Which statement between temperament and later personality is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Well-adjusted three-year-olds tend to be well-adjusted adults 
B)  Highly emotional and difficult to control three-year-olds tend to be impulsive teens 
C)  Behavioral inhibition in preschool is predictive of low extraversion in middle childhood 
D)  An infant's high ability to exhibit effortful control predicts a lack of conscientiousness in later life

Question 7

As she nears her 100th birthday, Kijana, though remaining happy, has begun to become much less involved with her church and other social groups. Ruth's reaction to aging best fits with the _____ theory concerning successful aging.

Accepted Answer

A)  honeymoon 
B)  activity 
C)  disengagement 
D)  generativity

Question 8

Forty-year-old Zelda is proud of the tutoring she is doing at school with kids who have learning problems and feels that she is doing something positive for future generations. It is most likely that Zelda is in Erikson's stage of

Accepted Answer

A)  integrity versus despair. 
B)  identity versus role confusion. 
C)  intimacy versus isolation. 
D)  generativity versus stagnation.

Question 9

As a typical three-year-old, when asked about his self-concept, Talisker's answer would most likely be,

Accepted Answer

A)  "I am smart." 
B)  "I am funny." 
C)  "I am small." 
D)  "I am excitable."

Question 10

Introversion is best classified as a

Accepted Answer

A)  narrative identity. 
B)  self-esteem. 
C)  dispositional trait. 
D)  characteristic adaptation.

Question 11

Yumi has just entered the phase of retirement best described as "realistic and satisfying." This would indicate that she is in the _____ phase of retirement.

Accepted Answer

A)  honeymoon 
B)  reorientation 
C)  midlife 
D)  disenchantment

Question 12

With regard to personality development, what belief is shared by Albert Bandura and Erik Erikson?

Accepted Answer

A)  There are universal, age-related changes in personality development. 
B)  Biological factors are critical in the development of personality. 
C)  Humans are best described in terms of five critical core personality traits. 
D)  Personality has the potential to change during adulthood.

Question 13

The idea of remaining effective by developing ways to get around the need for other skills than the ones you already possess best fits with the _____ component of the selective optimization with compensation theory.

Accepted Answer

A)  selective 
B)  optimization 
C)  compensation 
D)  integrity

Question 14

In collectivist societies, the individual comes before the collective group.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Parents living in an individualistic culture tend to socialize children to be

Accepted Answer

A)  self-reliant. 
B)  modesty. 
C)  interdependent. 
D)  in social harmony.

Question 16

Which question best exemplifies the identity and role confusion conflict?

Accepted Answer

A)  What kind of moral and religious values do I have? 
B)  Has my life been worthwhile? 
C)  Am I the fastest runner in my class? 
D)  Have I produced something that will outlive me?

Question 17

While normally calm, 10-year-old Gretta becomes very shy and highly distressed when she is in an unfamiliar setting with people she does not know. Gretta would best be categorized as

Accepted Answer

A)  extraverted. 
B)  conscientious. 
C)  open to new experiences. 
D)  behaviorally inhibited.

Question 18

What is the best advice concerning successful aging?

Accepted Answer

A)  Older adults need to keep active and engaged. 
B)  Older adults need to be allowed to disengage. 
C)  Older adults should be encouraged to find a good fit between their personality, preferences, and the environment in which they live. 
D)  Successful aging in older adults is virtually impossible to find.

Question 19

Slow-to-warm-up temperament is characterized by

Accepted Answer

A)  relative inactivity and mild reactions to change in routine. 
B)  relative inactivity and intense reactions to change in routine. 
C)  high levels of activity and mild reactions to change in routine. 
D)  high levels of activity and intense reactions to change in routine.

Question 20

Research on successful aging has found

Accepted Answer

A)  more support for activity theory. 
B)  more support for disengagement theory. 
C)  little support for either activity or disengagement theory. 
D)  identical levels of support for activity and disengagement theory.

Exam 11: Self and Personality