Question 1

The term associative visual agnosia is reserved for patients who

Accepted Answer

A) have perceptual impairments due to problems with the ventral stream. 
B) cannot recognize objects despite having normal perceptual representations. 
C) have perceptual impairments due to problems with the dorsal stream. 
D) cannot recognize objects due to compromised perceptual representations.

Question 2

Optic ataxia is to associative visual agnosia as ________ lesions are to ________ lesions.

Accepted Answer

A) posterior parietal; superior temporal 
B) inferior parietal; posterior temporal 
C) dorsal pathway; ventral pathway 
D) ventral pathway; dorsal pathway

Question 3

A major source of evidence against the idea that faces are processed in a special neural region in humans is that the candidate region

Accepted Answer

A) is used to process a variety of perceptual stimuli in nonhuman primates. 
B) is also involved in processing highly familiar places. 
C) is recruited when people have to make discriminations among highly familiar stimuli. 
D) varies significantly in location from person to person.

Question 4

What are some of the ethical issues that come up regarding mind reading? Describe the potential pros and cons of "mind-reading" technologies.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are some of the ethical issues...

Question 5

What categories of visual stimuli have regions of cortex that are activated when a person views examples from each category? Describe one approach that can establish a causal role of each region for perceiving these categories. Why is this evidence that these regions are involved in processing these categories?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What categories of visual stimuli have regions...

Question 6

Three primary localized regions include face, place, and clothes areas.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

A role of the dorsal visual system in computing the way in which a movement should be produced argues for a dichotomy between

Accepted Answer

A) "why" and "where". 
B) "where" and "what". 
C) "what" and "how". 
D) "how" and "why".

Question 8

Explain a category-based and property-based organization of semantic knowledge. Discuss evidence in favor of each account.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain a category-based and property-based organization of...

Question 9

Why is object constancy a difficult computational problem for the visual system? Describe some potential changes that can occur when we view the same object under different circumstances.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why is object constancy a difficult computational...

Question 10

A person with a visual agnosia has difficulty in recognizing drawings of familiar objects, such as an apple. If she were asked to imagine an apple rather than to inspect a picture of an apple, you would expect to find that

Accepted Answer

A) she can generate visual images normally because agnosia does not affect internally generated information. 
B) she has great difficulty in generating visual images as well as visual perception because the two skills share common brain regions. 
C) she can generate visual images correctly and easily, but she cannot recognize them because of a memory deficit. 
D) she has great difficulty with generating images of faces but not other kinds of objects.

Question 11

Cells that respond to the human hand are located in the _____________, and their responsive firing rate is high regardless of the hand's __________.

Accepted Answer

A) inferior temporal cortex; orientation 
B) inferior temporal cortex; detail 
C) superior temporal sulcus; orientation 
D) superior temporal sulcus; detail

Question 12

Which of the following disorders may be associated with impaired facial perception?

Accepted Answer

A) dyslexia 
B) autism spectrum disorder 
C) social communication disorder 
D) intellectual disability

Question 13

The "what" versus "where" distinction is supported by single-cell recording studies showing that neurons in the ________ lobes have receptive fields that are almost always located in the fovea, where high-acuity vision takes place.

Accepted Answer

A) anterior occipital 
B) inferior temporal 
C) posterior parietal 
D) superior temporal

Question 14

Warrington (1985) proposed an anatomical model of the cognitive operations necessary to explain object recognition. The first stage in this model involves the detection and categorization of visually invariant information, which occurs in the ________ hemisphere; the second stage involves the semantic categorization of visual input, which occurs in ________ hemisphere(s).

Accepted Answer

A) left; the right 
B) left; both the left and right 
C) right; the left 
D) right; both the left and right

Question 15

Why do people fail to notice when the mouth and eyes of an inverted face remain upright?

Accepted Answer

A) Humans do not perceive eyes or mouths in faces. 
B) The overall configuration remains the same. 
C) They have apperceptive agnosia. 
D) They have prosopagnosia.

Question 16

Category-specific deficits may be an emergent property of the fact that different kinds of information are needed to recognize living and nonliving objects.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The patient D.F., studied by Goodale and Milner (1982), had severe problems with object recognition. When presented with a circular block into which a slot had been cut,

Accepted Answer

A) D.F. was able to insert a card into the slot when asked to do so, even though she was unable to follow the instruction to orient the card so that it would fit. 
B) D.F. was able to orient the card so that it would fit into the slot but was not able to insert the card into the slot when asked to do so. 
C) D.F. was unable to deduce that this object could be used to contain slips of paper upon touching it. 
D) D.F. was able to deduce that this object could be used to contain slips of paper but was unable to provide a name for the object upon touching it.

Question 18

There is some evidence for a double dissociation between agnosia for animate (living) things compared to inanimate (nonliving) things. Does this mean that there are distinct brain systems for representing these two categories? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

The answer of There is some evidence for a double...

Question 19

Pohl (1973) conducted a study of the "what" and "where" pathways in brain-lesioned monkeys using two different tasks: a landmark discrimination task, which required a visuospatial judgment, and an object discrimination task, which required object recognition. He found that monkeys with temporal lobe lesions became severely impaired in learning the ________ task but not the ________ task. Monkeys with posterior parietal lesions showed the ________ pattern of performance.

Accepted Answer

A) object discrimination; landmark discrimination; same 
B) landmark discrimination; object discrimination; same 
C) object discrimination; landmark discrimination; opposite 
D) landmark discrimination; object discrimination; opposite

Question 20

There are various issues with the idea that single neurons encode the mental representations for all possible complex visual stimuli. Which of the following is NOT one of these issues?

Accepted Answer

A) Loss of any single visual recognition neuron would have too great an impact on perception. 
B) These single neurons would have to adapt as the objects they respond to change over time. 
C) Neurophysiological evidence that visual cells respond to specific types of stimuli is lacking. 
D) This approach cannot explain how we recognize novel objects.

Exam 6: Object Recognition