Question 1

McIsaac and Eich (2004) found that when patients suffering from PTSD retrieved memories as field memories, their emotional response was more negative and more intense.When they asked participants to recall them as observer memories,

Accepted Answer

A) they were more likely to have sudden flashbacks. 
B) the observer memories were less likely to feel like flashbulb memories. 
C) they experienced less negative emotions. 
D) they experienced more PTSD symptoms.

Question 2

Berntsen and Rubin (2008) asked participants to record involuntary memories in a memory diary.In particular, participants were asked to record involuntary memories that referred to a serious (or traumatic) event in their lives.

Accepted Answer

A) They found that involuntary memories could not be retrieved under spontaneous conditions. 
B) They found that involuntary memories were usually made with high confidence. 
C) They found that involuntary memories were more common among siblings. 
D) They found that involuntary memories are frequent, but decline somewhat with age.

Question 3

An example of an "extended" event in Conway's theory would be the memory of the long car trip you took in the hills of West Virginia.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

In Conway's theory of autobiographical memory, general events refer to:

Accepted Answer

A) the combined, averaged, and cumulative memory of highly similar events. 
B) details of specific events. 
C) the sources of our autobiographical memories. 
D) the markers that divide major life periods.

Question 5

Thomsen and Berntsen (2008) found that, among Danish elders, the bump was particularly noticeable for the memory of events that were consistent with cultural life scripts, such as first jobs, dating, and leaving home.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Childhood amnesia refers to:

Accepted Answer

A) the poor memory of children for episodic details. 
B) the poor memory of children for semantic knowledge. 
C) the poor memory of adults for children. 
D) the poor memory of adults for events from early childhood and infancy.

Question 7

Berntsen, Staugaard, and Sorensen (in press) asked participants to engage in sound-location task which involved determining if two sounds were being played to the same ear or one to each ear.They found that:

Accepted Answer

A) novel sounds were less likely to induce disputed memories. 
B) novel sounds were less likely to induce involuntary memories. 
C) novel sounds required more attention, creating less cognitive control, which resulted in more involuntary memories. 
D) the novel sounds were annoying and all the participants dropped out of the study

Question 8

An example of a lifetime period is:

Accepted Answer

A) the memory of your 11th birthday. 
B) remembering when your cat was lost for a day. 
C) thinking about "when you worked at the grocery store." 
D) remembering the long drive you took from Montreal in Canada to Dallas, in the United States.

Question 9

The special mechanism of flashbulb memory formation suggests that:

Accepted Answer

A) unlike ordinary memories, flashbulb memories are processed only in the frontal lobes. 
B) unlike ordinary memories, flashbulb memories can never be considered veridical. 
C) there are no differences between flashbulb and ordinary memories; they are all "special." 
D) there is a unique and special mechanism responsible for flashbulb memories.

Question 10

One advantage of doing ______ memory diary studies is that because the subject is also the researcher, long retention (i.e., several years) intervals can be employed.

Accepted Answer

The answer of One advantage of doing ______ memory diary...

Question 11

The term autobiographical memory refers to our semantic memory for our life's narrative.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

By which age is childhood amnesia usually no longer seen?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 years of age. 
B) 2 years of age. 
C) 4 years of age. 
D) 6 months of age.

Question 13

John, a 55-year-old, is given a cue word and asked to come up with the first memory she can come up with.John is likely to demonstrate anterograde amnesia.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Conway's model of autobiographical memory concerns how we:

Accepted Answer

A) represent or store autobiographical memory. 
B) encode information into autobiographical memory. 
C) how we consolidate information into autobiographical memory. 
D) how autobiographical memory interacts with visual imagery.

Question 15

The term autobiographical memory refers to:

Accepted Answer

A) personal specific memories and self-knowledge. 
B) the memories of famous people for important events. 
C) flashbulb memories only. 
D) our semantic memory for our life's narrative.

Question 16

An example of an "______" event in Conway's theory was the memory of the horse-back riding trip you took in the hills of Pennsylvania.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An example of an "______" event in...

Question 17

Jack et al. (2012) tracked down the children who had participated in the "magic shrinking machine" experiment six years later when the children varied from age 8 to age 10.They found that:

Accepted Answer

A) The children had all entered the childhood amnesia phase and could not recall the event. 
B) Some, but not all, of the children could recall the event and some of the items that had been "shrunk." 
C) At the older age, children could only remember items that were not in their vocabulary as younger children. 
D) none of the above are true.

Question 18

Explain the "reminiscence bump."

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the "reminiscence bump."...

Question 19

Talarico and Rubin (2007), for example, compared memories of their personal whereabouts when they heard the news of 9/11 and an ordinary event around the same time.They found that:

Accepted Answer

A) memories of 9/11differed systematically from other flashbulb memories. 
B) confidence and accuracy remained high over retention intervals for both memories. 
C) confidence remained high for the news of 9/11 but dropped for the ordinary event. 
D) people were unwilling to report their memories.

Question 20

Roxanne cannot recall any details from the first few years of life.This pattern is called encoding binaurality.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 7: Autobiographical Memory

McIsaac and Eich (2004) found that when patients suffering from PTSD retrieved memories as field memories, their emotional response was more negative and more intense.When they asked participants to recall them as observer memories,

Berntsen and Rubin (2008) asked participants to record involuntary memories in a memory diary.In particular, participants were asked to record involuntary memories that referred to a serious (or traumatic) event in their lives.

An example of an "extended" event in Conway's theory would be the memory of the long car trip you took in the hills of West Virginia.

In Conway's theory of autobiographical memory, general events refer to:

Thomsen and Berntsen (2008) found that, among Danish elders, the bump was particularly noticeable for the memory of events that were consistent with cultural life scripts, such as first jobs, dating, and leaving home.

Childhood amnesia refers to:

Berntsen, Staugaard, and Sorensen (in press) asked participants to engage in sound-location task which involved determining if two sounds were being played to the same ear or one to each ear.They found that:

An example of a lifetime period is:

The special mechanism of flashbulb memory formation suggests that:

One advantage of doing ______ memory diary studies is that because the subject is also the researcher, long retention (i.e., several years) intervals can be employed.

The term autobiographical memory refers to our semantic memory for our life's narrative.

By which age is childhood amnesia usually no longer seen?

John, a 55-year-old, is given a cue word and asked to come up with the first memory she can come up with.John is likely to demonstrate anterograde amnesia.

Conway's model of autobiographical memory concerns how we:

The term autobiographical memory refers to:

An example of an "______" event in Conway's theory was the memory of the horse-back riding trip you took in the hills of Pennsylvania.

Jack et al. (2012) tracked down the children who had participated in the "magic shrinking machine" experiment six years later when the children varied from age 8 to age 10.They found that:

Explain the "reminiscence bump."

Talarico and Rubin (2007) , for example, compared memories of their personal whereabouts when they heard the news of 9/11 and an ordinary event around the same time.They found that:

Roxanne cannot recall any details from the first few years of life.This pattern is called encoding binaurality.