Question 1

Quantitative analysis of modern electroencephalography (EEG) recordings can be used to

Accepted Answer

A)  construct 3-D maps of brain activity. 
B)  generate high resolution images of brain structures. 
C)  identify the neurochemicals active in particular parts of the brain. 
D)  track the utilization of glucose and oxygen by the brain.

Question 2

The microscope was invented by

Accepted Answer

A)  Anton van Leeuwenhoek. 
B)  Camillo Golgi. 
C)  Santiago Ramón y Cajal. 
D)  Vernon Mountcastle.

Question 3

Although his ability to speak is otherwise normal, a patient suffering from a stroke is having difficulty naming common everyday objects, such as tools. In order to determine which part of the brain is functioning abnormally, his doctor may use which of the following techniques?

Accepted Answer

A)  Inject the patient with horseradish peroxidase and look at his brain during an autopsy. 
B)  Do a CT scan on the brain to see what area is not functioning. 
C)  Use fMRI to compare the activity of the brains of the patient and normal volunteers when they are presented with pictures of various tools. 
D)  During neurosurgery on the patient, stimulate his brain to see what part is not functioning.

Question 4

The purpose of stimulation research is to

Accepted Answer

A)  identify stimuli that activate a particular part of the brain. 
B)  identify the function of a part of the brain. 
C)  observe individual ion channels in the membranes of neurons. 
D)  observe the activity of a particular part of the brain.

Question 5

In MRI technologies, we use the term voxel to refer to

Accepted Answer

A)  the rate at which atoms spin. 
B)  the strength of the magnets being used. 
C)  a small area of tissue to be assigned a pixel of appropriate color or darkness. 
D)  a gamma ray released during the breakdown of a radioactive tracer.

Question 6

If a trait were primarily influenced by genetic variables, we would expect to see

Accepted Answer

A)  adopted children who are more similar to their biological parents in the trait than to their adoptive parents. 
B)  adopted children who are more similar to their adoptive parents in the trait than to their biological parents. 
C)  strong similarities between adoptive and biological parents. 
D)  strong similarities between adoptive children and their adoptive siblings.

Question 7

Santiago Ramón y Cajal is best known for demonstrating that neurons generate electrical signals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Reversible lesions are produced by applying

Accepted Answer

A)  heat. 
B)  cold. 
C)  chemicals. 
D)  heat or cold.

Question 9

Modern CT images differ from earlier versions in that they

Accepted Answer

A)  no longer use x-rays. 
B)  are safer for the participant as well as the x-ray technician. 
C)  can be used to construct three-dimensional images. 
D)  can be used to measure activity in a structure.

Question 10

The technology illustrated in this figure allows researchers to

Accepted Answer

A)  research the magnetic output of the brain. 
B)  research the electrical output of the brain. 
C)  identify areas of the brain that have been lesioned. 
D)  identify the effects of magnetic stimulation of the brain.

Question 11

Although phrenology is mostly wrong, what did phrenologists get right about the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

A)  The ventricles play a major role in the transmission of messages in the brain. 
B)  Sensation and movement have separate pathways. 
C)  Neurons communicate using electrical signals. 
D)  Some functions can be localized in the brain.

Question 12

Most chemicals in the blood supply

Accepted Answer

A)  enter the brain more easily than other organs. 
B)  are less likely to enter the brain than other organs. 
C)  enter the brain as easily as other organs. 
D)  are unable to enter the brain or other organs.

Question 13

Particular proteins in cells can be identified using ________ in a process known as immunohistochemistry.

Accepted Answer

A)  the Golgi silver stain 
B)  the Nissl stain 
C)  horseradish peroxidase 
D)  antibodies

Question 14

Biological psychology can be defined as the branch of psychology that studies the biological foundations of behavior, emotions, and mental processes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following provide(s) evidence for early, accurate understanding of the function of the human brain?

Accepted Answer

A)  phrenology 
B)  Egyptian mummification 
C)  the Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus and the writings of Hippocrates 
D)  trepanation and the writings of Aristotle

Question 16

A researcher is interested in discovering if one part of the brain, the orbitofrontal cortex, connects directly to another part of the brain, the amygdala. Which of the following experimental methods would be the most appropriate for this purpose?

Accepted Answer

A)  Inject horseradish peroxidase into a rat's amygdala and then see if cells in the orbitofrontal cortex are stained. 
B)  Inject a human volunteer with a radioactive glucose and see what part of his brain is active while viewing an emotionally charged set of pictures using a PET scan. 
C)  Look at a human brain with fMRI to see if the orbitofrontal cortex and amygdala are active at the same times. 
D)  Stimulate the orbitofrontal cortex of a human volunteer during neurosurgery.

Question 17

Monism is defined as a philosophical view that considers

Accepted Answer

A)  mind to be the product of activity in the brain. 
B)  mind and body to be separate entities. 
C)  the senses as the source of knowledge. 
D)  reality to exist when it enters the thinking of an observer.

Question 18

Rene Descartes was a dualist, believing the mind and body are different entities. Which of the following statements is true regarding his understanding?

Accepted Answer

A)  The mind is the product of neural activity. 
B)  The mind exists in both human and nonhuman animals. 
C)  The mind forms an indivisible whole with the body. 
D)  The mind is not a physical entity that can be studied.

Question 19

A microtome is a

Accepted Answer

A)  stain. 
B)  fixative. 
C)  machine used to slice tissue. 
D)  type of microscope.

Question 20

Anton van Leeuwenhoek advanced brain science by

Accepted Answer

A)  demonstrating that neurons communicate via electricity. 
B)  demonstrating that sensory and motor information travel along separate pathways. 
C)  inventing the light microscope. 
D)  proposing the Neuron Doctrine.

Exam 1: What Is Behavioral Neuroscience?

Quantitative analysis of modern electroencephalography (EEG) recordings can be used to