Question 1

Naomi Eisenberger and her colleagues are interested in whether or not brain activity correlates with feelings of social rejection. If you were advising Dr. Eisenberger, which technology would you recommend for her study?

Accepted Answer

A)  MRI 
B)  CT 
C)  Electroencephalography (EEG) 
D)  fMRI

Question 2

Fraternal twins typically have about _________ percent of their genes in common.

Accepted Answer

A)  25 
B)  50 
C)  75 
D)  100

Question 3

During the process of mummification, early Egyptians discarded the

Accepted Answer

A)  heart. 
B)  brain. 
C)  lungs. 
D)  stomach.

Question 4

Dr. Jones argues that higher levels of the brain inhibit aggressive impulses originating in lower levels of the brain. It is likely that Dr. Jones has been most directly influenced in her thinking by the work of

Accepted Answer

A)  Santiago Ramón y Cajal. 
B)  John Hughlings Jackson. 
C)  Franz Josef Gall. 
D)  Luigi Galvani.

Question 5

Trepanation is a(an)

Accepted Answer

A)  ancient practice of drilling holes in a person's skull. 
B)  type of mummification. 
C)  postmortem ritual. 
D)  technique involving the analysis of the bumps on the skull.

Question 6

Experiments in which the cortices of rabbits and dogs were stimulated electrically were carried out by

Accepted Answer

A)  Paul Broca. 
B)  Santiago Ramón y Cajal. 
C)  Fritsch and Hitzig. 
D)  Camillo Golgi.

Question 7

Permanent lesions are usually produced by applying

Accepted Answer

A)  cold or chemicals. 
B)  heat or cold. 
C)  heat or chemicals. 
D)  magnetism or cold.

Question 8

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) requires

Accepted Answer

A)  stronger magnets than those used in MRI. 
B)  the injection of radioactive substances into the participant. 
C)  larger numbers of gamma cameras than in MRI. 
D)  multiple images taken in a short period of time.

Question 9

Hemoglobin's magnetic properties change when it is

Accepted Answer

A)  combined with oxygen. 
B)  combined with glucose. 
C)  bombarded with gamma rays. 
D)  exposed to x-rays.

Question 10

Drugs that cause psychoactive effects

Accepted Answer

A)  and their behavioral effects are assessed most frequently by researchers using microdialysis techniques. 
B)  are only effective if administered through injection. 
C)  are unable to move from the blood supply into the brain, which is why people use methods like smoking and chewing to administer drugs. 
D)  naturally gain access to the brain.

Question 11

In order to study the visual cortex of animals, Mountcastle, Hubel, and Wiesel used which of the following technologies?

Accepted Answer

A)  Electroencephalography (EEG) 
B)  evoked potentials 
C)  MEG 
D)  single cell recordings

Question 12

Traditionally, electroencephalography (EEG) is most commonly used to study

Accepted Answer

A)  emotion. 
B)  psychopathology. 
C)  states of consciousness and epilepsy. 
D)  learning and memory.

Question 13

Repeated rTMS appears to be a promising treatment for which of the following psychological disorders?

Accepted Answer

A)  schizophrenia and depression 
B)  attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism 
C)  autism and schizophrenia 
D)  depression and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Question 14

A red area in a PET scan typically indicates that the area is showing ________ activity.

Accepted Answer

A)  high 
B)  moderate 
C)  low 
D)  no

Question 15

Microdialysis can be used to assess the chemicals present in a very small area of the brain.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

CT scanning is based on

Accepted Answer

A)  the gamma camera. 
B)  histology. 
C)  x-ray technology. 
D)  magnetism.

Question 17

Which of the following contemporary technologies was previewed by nineteenth century physiologist Angelo Mosso's work with patients who had head injuries?

Accepted Answer

A)  PET 
B)  CT 
C)  Electroencephalography (EEG) 
D)  fMRI

Question 18

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) takes advantage of the fact that compared with less active neurons, more active neurons require greater amounts of

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrogen. 
B)  oxygen. 
C)  gamma radiation. 
D)  magnetism.

Question 19

Matthew's parents are concerned about the possibility that he might have either a hearing loss or autism spectrum disorder, as he has not learned to speak and is not responsive to their efforts to speak to him. Which of the following technologies might assist Matthew's physician in making an accurate diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  analysis of evoked potentials 
B)  PET 
C)  CT 
D)  fMRI

Question 20

Dr. Campos is studying variations of intelligence among children living in a very affluent community, in which most parents are college educated and schools are highly ranked. It is likely that using this relatively homogeneous group of participants will distort Dr. Campos's results by

Accepted Answer

A)  exaggerating genetic influences on intelligence. 
B)  causing her to underestimate genetic influences on intelligence. 
C)  exaggerating environmental influences on intelligence. 
D)  exaggerating individual differences in intelligence.

Exam 1: What Is Behavioral Neuroscience?