Question 1

Communication of thoughts and feelings through symbols that are arranged according to the rules of grammar defines

Accepted Answer

A) syntax. 
B) concepts. 
C) exemplars. 
D) language.

Question 2

Factor "g" relates to excelling in many areas of intelligence whereas factor "s" relates to

Accepted Answer

A) excelling in specific areas of intelligence. 
B) being superior in many areas of intelligence. 
C) being skillful in problem solving. 
D) coping successfully with our changing world.

Question 3

When a child combines words to form a sentence rather than imitate one he/she has heard before, he/she is demonstrating the _______ characteristic of language skills.

Accepted Answer

A) semanticity 
B) displacement 
C) infinite creativity 
D) plurality

Question 4

Novices are more likely than experts to use serial processing to solve problems.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

According to research by Victoria Molfese and her colleagues, _________ was the single most important predictor of scores on IQ tests among children age 3 to 8.

Accepted Answer

A) parent IQ 
B) the home environment 
C) the quality of schools 
D) the children's IQ scores at age 2

Question 6

Head Start programs seem to enhance IQ scores of the children involved by exposing them to such materials as

Accepted Answer

A) letters and words. 
B) numbers. 
C) books. 
D) all of these.

Question 7

John, a computer hacker, set up a program to crack the five-digit password to his computer that he had somehow forgotten. John used a(n) __________ algorithm to reveal the password.

Accepted Answer

A) means-ends analysis 
B) analogy 
C) trial and error 
D) systematic random search

Question 8

Rules of thumb that help simplify and solve problems are called

Accepted Answer

A) heuristics. 
B) analogies. 
C) mental sets. 
D) algorithms.

Question 9

Tarzan's speech patterns such as "See Jane" and "Go Boy" are like a two-year-old's

Accepted Answer

A) telegraphic speech. 
B) holophrases. 
C) overextensions. 
D) overgeneralizations.

Question 10

The theory of emotional intelligence has been developed and/or written about by

Accepted Answer

A) Salovey. 
B) Mayer. 
C) Daniel Goleman. 
D) all of these.

Question 11

By the fifth or sixth month, children begin to coo.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

One conclusion that may be drawn about the certainty of the judgments made on both sides of the O.J. Simpson murder trial (the African-American perspective that focused on the behavior of the Los Angeles Police Department and the white perspective that saw the case as one of spouse abuse and double murder) is the extent to which evidence from the opposing perspective was ignored or dismissed. This neglect of contradictory information is evidence of __________ in decision-making.

Accepted Answer

A) divergent thinking 
B) overconfidence 
C) the availability heuristic 
D) the framing effect

Question 13

In problem solving with heuristic devices, what is the discrepancy between our current situation and our goals bridged by?

Accepted Answer

A) systematic random search 
B) trial and error 
C) means-ends analysis 
D) exemplars and prototypes

Question 14

When we apply the solution of an earlier problem to a new but similar problem we are using an __________.

Accepted Answer

A) analogy 
B) algorithm 
C) analysis 
D) anagram

Question 15

According to Binet, Tom, who is 10 years old, should answer more of the IQ test questions correctly than

Accepted Answer

A) June, who is 6 years old. 
B) Jack, who is 12 years old. 
C) Sue, who is 16 years old. 
D) Bob, who is 14 years old.

Question 16

Janet Hyde studied gender differences in 7 million children for performance in mathematics on standardized tests. What did she find?

Accepted Answer

A) boys did better than girls 
B) girls did better than boys 
C) no differences at all 
D) more boys at the extremes

Question 17

The Dani of New Guinea have only two words for distinguishing colors in their language. When tested for their ability to discriminate colors, Dani children

Accepted Answer

A) show a different appreciation of color differences from those of American children. 
B) are unique in their differentiation of colors. 
C) have little interest in color variations. 
D) can discriminate the many colors of the spectrum.

Question 18

The French psychologist Alfred Binet

Accepted Answer

A) proposed a set of stages in the development of intelligence. 
B) developed statistical techniques for measuring intellectual differences among groups. 
C) proposed a "unified theory" of intelligence. 
D) developed modern methods of intelligence testing.

Question 19

When social class factors are not taken into consideration, ethnic differences for intelligence test scores seem to follow which pattern?

Accepted Answer

A) European Americans score above Native Americans who score above Asian Americans. 
B) African Americans score below European Americans who score below Asian Americans. 
C) Latino Americans score about the same as European Americans who score above Asian Americans. 
D) Native Americans score about the same as African Americans who score above Latino Americans.

Question 20

What is the quality of an IQ test that measures how well it predicts school performance?

Accepted Answer

A) accuracy 
B) congruence 
C) reliability 
D) validity

Exam 7: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence