Question 1

Rachel is in junior high school.Her father drinks heavily and is frequently out of work.Her mother is very depressed and spends much of the day in front of the TV.Rachel spends as much time as she can outside of their home.Her parents' style of parenting is ____.

Accepted Answer

A) indulgent 
B) authoritative 
C) authoritarian 
D) uninvolved

Question 2

Which of the following is true of Lev Vygotsky's view of cognitive development?

Accepted Answer

A) A child gains knowledge of the world by interacting socially and collaboratively with parents,teachers,and other members of the community. 
B) A child learns to understand the world by actively exploring it,like a miniature scientist. 
C) A child has a "zone" of development in which to learn how to accomplish tasks without help. 
D) A child develops according to a species perspective,largely independent of culture.

Question 3

In Erikson's work (Erikson,1968),a consistent,unified sense of self is called ____.

Accepted Answer

A) self-esteem 
B) moral experience 
C) individualism 
D) identity

Question 4

Dylan is 16.He is finally taller than his sister and is experiencing muscular development,growth of facial hair,and enlargement of the larynx,which has caused his voice to deepen.These are called ____ sex characteristics.

Accepted Answer

A) primary 
B) secondary 
C) static 
D) dynamic

Question 5

Which of the following is an accurate definition of assimilation?

Accepted Answer

A) The incorporation of new learning into an existing schema that requires revision of the schema 
B) The ability to understand that changing the form or appearance of an object does not change its quantity 
C) The incorporation of new learning into an existing schema,without the need to revise the schema 
D) The ability to form mental representations of objects that are no longer present

Question 6

Marcus is about 1½ years old.His mother left him at a friend's house to play for the first time while she took the family car in for maintenance.Marcus did not show distress when his mother left nor did he immediately approach her when she returned.What pattern of attachment is this?

Accepted Answer

A) Avoidant 
B) Secure 
C) Disorganized 
D) Anxious-ambivalent

Question 7

Taylor grew up in a family of three boys.He and his brothers have never engaged in "acting out" behaviors,such as arguing with their parents.However,now in their teens,they tend to be depressed and withdrawn from their peers.Their parents are most likely ____.

Accepted Answer

A) authoritarian 
B) uninvolved 
C) indulgent 
D) authoritative

Question 8

In what order do the following steps of development occur?

Accepted Answer

A) Roll,sit,hop,raise head,walk 
B) Raise head,roll,sit,walk,hop 
C) Raise head,sit,roll,hop,walk 
D) Sit,roll,raise head,hop,walk

Question 9

Jenna and her parents are experiencing a generation gap,and just about everything she says and does worries her parents.Her values are most likely ____.

Accepted Answer

A) far more conservative than her parents 
B) the opposite of her parents 
C) far more liberal than her parents 
D) not too different from her parents

Question 10

The temperament traits of children,which are visible within the first few months of life,have been described along three dimensions (Mary Rothbart et al. ,2007): surgency or extroversion,negative affect or mood,and ____.

Accepted Answer

A) innate resilience 
B) effortful control 
C) empathy 
D) agreeableness

Question 11

Bilingual individuals who learn language after the age of 10 or so process their second languages

Accepted Answer

A) the same as native-language speakers but with an accent. 
B) the same as trilingual language speakers that learned their languages before 10. 
C) differently than do native-language speakers. 
D) the same as native-language speakers but with more difficulty in learning the language.

Question 12

Who is among those least likely to develop dementia as he or she ages?

Accepted Answer

A) Jane,who loves to cook favorites such as fish and chips,fried chicken,and homemade donuts 
B) Jack,who participates in 20 minutes or more of tai chi and brisk walking every day 
C) Frank,who enjoys life by drinking,smoking,and relaxing on the couch in the evenings 
D) Peg,whose mother and aunt had dementia

Question 13

Parenting styles can be divided into four categories,which vary along ____ (Baumrind,1975;Maccoby & Martin,1983).

Accepted Answer

A) four dimensions: empathy,recognition,discipline,and expectations 
B) two dimensions: parental support and behavioral regulation 
C) three dimensions: empathy,supervision,and expectations 
D) two dimensions: recognition and expectations

Question 14

All of the following are characteristic of fetal alcohol syndrome except

Accepted Answer

A) thin upper lip. 
B) underdeveloped jaw. 
C) large eye openings. 
D) folds near eyes.

Question 15

What is the pattern of infant-caregiver bonding that can take several different forms,but is generally characterized as less desirable for the child's outcomes than secure attachment?

Accepted Answer

A) Disorganized attachment 
B) Insecure attachment 
C) Anxious-ambivalent attachment 
D) Avoidant attachment

Question 16

Jasper is just 2 weeks old.His mother strokes his cheek and he turns toward the touch and opens his mouth.This is called the ____ reflex.

Accepted Answer

A) palmar 
B) sucking 
C) Moro 
D) rooting

Question 17

The parenting style that combines high behavioral regulation with low support is ____.

Accepted Answer

A) authoritative 
B) indulgent 
C) authoritarian 
D) uninvolved

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the relationships of older adults?

Accepted Answer

A) Older adults have more friendships than younger adults. 
B) Older adults are more likely than younger adults to form new friendships. 
C) Older adults do not gain significant benefits from their friendships. 
D) Older adults often find their relationships with siblings especially meaningful.

Question 19

Human beings are somewhat unusual among primates in the length of their life span beyond their productive years.This may have provided an adaptive advantage over the course of evolution and is known as ____.

Accepted Answer

A) the wisdom of elders 
B) the grandmother effect 
C) survival of the fittest 
D) the grandfather effect

Question 20

According to research (Kessler et al. ,2003),who is least likely to experience depression?

Accepted Answer

A) A 65-year-old male 
B) A 65-year-old female 
C) A 30-year-old male 
D) A 30-year-old female

Exam 11: The Developing Mind Life Span Development