Question 1

Research examining differences between prejudiced people and non-prejudiced people suggests that, in general, non-prejudiced people ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  are unfamiliar with the common negative stereotypes of different groups 
B)  are familiar with the common negative stereotypes of different groups, but also hold a set of positive stereotypes of these groups 
C)  are familiar with the common negative stereotypes of different groups, but do not think of those stereotypes when meeting people who belong to those groups 
D)  are familiar with the common negative stereotypes of different groups, and think of those stereotypes when meeting people who belong to those groups, but override those stereotypes with other conscious beliefs

Question 2

Research suggests that, in general, prejudiced people and non-prejudiced people differ from one another in terms of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  their automatic responses to other groups 
B)  their conscious responses to other groups 
C)  both their automatic responses to other groups and their conscious responses to other groups 
D)  neither their automatic responses to other groups nor their conscious responses to other groups

Question 3

You have just accused a friend of yours of being sexist because he said that most women don't know anything about cars. If your friend is like most people, then the next thing he is likely to say is along the lines of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  "Most Asian people don't know anything about cars either." 
B)  "You don't know anything about cars either." 
C)  "But women are amazingly knowledgeable about other things." 
D)  "Women are unknowledgeable about a lot of things."

Question 4

Prejudice against atheists seems most rooted in ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  competition 
B)  envy 
C)  insecurity 
D)  distrust

Question 5

Rationalization of oppression is an explanation for prejudice that focuses on prejudice and stereotyping as tools to ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  promote one's self esteem 
B)  remain ignorant of a group's actual behavioral characteristics 
C)  protect the political goals of the powerful group 
D)  think more efficiently

Question 6

Which of the following is the best example of the self-fulfilling prophecy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Greg loves to be around attractive people because he thinks that he himself is good-looking (even though he is actually very bad-looking). 
B)  Greg has a broken arm and cannot write well. As a consequence, his arm gets no exercise. 
C)  Greg has no health insurance because he is poor and cannot afford it. He therefore gets sick frequently. 
D)  Greg is a small person. His football coach assumes he is a weak player and ignores him. Consequently, Greg plays horribly.

Question 7

Suppose that Fred is a "morning person" and his brother Ned is an "evening person." Which of the following will probably be true regarding their tendencies to employ stereotypes?

Accepted Answer

A)  They will both use stereotypes throughout the day. 
B)  They will both tend to use more stereotypes late in the day. 
C)  Fred will tend to use more stereotypes late in the day. 
D)  Ned will tend to use more stereotypes late in the day.

Question 8

Which of the following is the best definition of "stereotyping"?

Accepted Answer

A)  A negative attitude or feeling toward an individual based solely on that individual's membership in a certain group 
B)  A negative attitude or feeling toward a racial or ethnic group 
C)  Unequal treatment of different people based on the groups or categories to which they belong 
D)  Beliefs that associate groups of people with certain traits

Question 9

Research suggests that important processes allow American blacks to maintain high self-esteem relative to whites. Which of the following has NOT been shown to help American blacks maintain self-esteem?

Accepted Answer

A)  The types of social comparisons that are made 
B)  The criteria that are used to define success and failure 
C)  (Race-related) attributions that are made for events 
D)  The tendency to experience stereotype threat

Question 10

Technically speaking, the term "homophobia" refers to excessive ____ homosexuals or homosexual behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)  fear of 
B)  guilt surrounding 
C)  hatred for 
D)  avoidance of

Question 11

When black players entered the major league market for English football, they were ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  paid more than white players because they had more talent 
B)  paid less than white players because fewer teams wanted to hire them 
C)  paid the same as white players because of fair practices 
D)  heavily recruited by nearly all team.

Question 12

Rudolph is highly prejudiced against homeless people, and frequently blames them for societal problems-even when he has no evidence to support his claims. According to Rudolph, the homeless are responsible for high crime rates, high property values, high taxes, and even high movie theater ticket prices. Given this information, it would appear that Rudolph treats the homeless as ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  salients 
B)  stigmas by association 
C)  scapegoats 
D)  heuristics

Question 13

According to the textbook, there are a number of contemporary societies that are completely peaceful, and do not have any form of competition or intergroup strife. On the downside, however, these societies tend to ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  be unsuccessful in economic and political terms 
B)  manifest high rates of depression and emotional apathy 
C)  experience higher rates of marital and familial problems than expected 
D)  dissolve before other societies

Question 14

An example of ____ against Native Americans would be the practice of keeping them on reservations instead of letting them live wherever they want.

Accepted Answer

A)  prejudice 
B)  discrimination 
C)  racism 
D)  stereotyping

Question 15

When people try to hide, or control, their implicit prejudices, it takes a toll on their ability to ____ when it comes to other tasks.

Accepted Answer

A)  express their emotions 
B)  use emotional intelligence 
C)  rely on the automatic system 
D)  self-regulate

Question 16

Which of the following refers to the tendency that some people have to simultaneously (a) hold egalitarian values, and (b) experience negative feelings, or feelings of disease, when interacting with minority groups?

Accepted Answer

A)  aversive racism 
B)  social dominance orientation 
C)  contact hypothesis 
D)  discontinuity effect

Question 17

Research has shown that benevolent sexism is ____ for women's cognitive performance than hostile sexism.

Accepted Answer

A)  better 
B)  the same 
C)  worse 
D)  irrelevant to

Question 18

Researchers Plant and Devine have identified two basic motives that people have for overcoming prejudice: internal and external. According to these researchers, the internal motive is based on ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  self-esteem needs 
B)  a belief that individuals are responsible for their own actions 
C)  consistency needs 
D)  a strong inner belief that prejudice is wrong

Question 19

Research suggests that black students tend to perform better on academic exams when they experience stereotype threat than when they don't.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

In a well-known study conducted by Rosenthal and Jacobson (1968), schoolteachers were told that certain of their students-who were in fact chosen by the researchers at random-were "intellectual bloomers" and had tremendous academic potential. When these students were tested at the end of the year, it was found that their IQ scores had indeed significantly increased (presumably as a result of the special attention and treatment they had received from their teachers). This research most clearly demonstrates ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the self-serving bias 
B)  the discontinuity effect 
C)  scapegoating 
D)  the self-fulfilling prophecy

Exam 13: Prejudice and Intergroup Relations