Question 1

Randi believes that, compared to white people, Asian people are spiritual. Randi's belief is best characterized as an example of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  prejudice 
B)  discrimination 
C)  racism 
D)  stereotyping

Question 2

Categories that people use for individuals who do not fit a more general stereotype are called ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  subtypes 
B)  ingroups 
C)  outgroups 
D)  stigmas

Question 3

When you meet a new person, stereotypes typically serve to ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  establish what you want that person to be like 
B)  warn you about problems or dangers that the individual presents 
C)  guide the assumptions that you have about the individual-which you will hold on to no matter what 
D)  provide you with hypotheses to be tested about that individual

Question 4

Which of the following statements best summarizes the relationship between salience and stereotype formation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stereotypes can form simply on the basis of salience. 
B)  Stereotypes cannot form simply on the basis of salience; an emotional or motivational force is also necessary. 
C)  Stereotypes cannot form simply on the basis of salience; a first-hand interaction is also necessary. 
D)  Salience is necessary for the formation of stereotypes.

Question 5

Suppose that Jose was born and raised in Mexico, and that-even though he has never been to the U.S.-he holds a number of stereotypes about Americans. According to the text, these stereotypes are most likely based on ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the few brief interactions he has had with Americans in Mexico 
B)  what he has heard about Americans from other Mexicans 
C)  what he knows about other groups of foreigners 
D)  his assumptions about what Americans "must be like" given what he knows about the U.S. as a country

Question 6

Rudolph is highly prejudiced against homeless people, and frequently blames them for societal problems-even when he has no evidence to support his claims. According to Rudolph, the homeless are responsible for high crime rates, high property values, high taxes, and even high movie theater ticket prices. Given this information, social psychologists would say that Rudolph treats the homeless as ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Rudolph is highly prejudiced against homeless people,...

Question 7

Which of the following statements best exemplifies Plant and Devine's notion of Internal Motivation to Respond Without Prejudice?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because of my personal values, I believe that using stereotypes is wrong. 
B)  I try to act non-prejudiced because of pressure from others. 
C)  While there is truth to many stereotypes, they are sometimes misleading. 
D)  Many people who say that they are unprejudiced are actually prejudiced.

Question 8

Jake is about to interact with his new roommate. Jake is white, and is worried that his African American roommate will think he is prejudiced. He is worried that he might say something that could be taken as a sign of prejudice. Jake is experiencing ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  stereotype threat 
B)  scapegoating 
C)  a self-fulfilling prophecy 
D)  a self-serving bias

Question 9

In Muzafer Sherif's research with 11-year-old boys at a summer camp in Robber's Cave, it was found that ____ tended to increase prejudice, while ____ tended to reduce it.

Accepted Answer

A)  competition; superordinate goals 
B)  increased contact; superordinate goals 
C)  superordinate goals; increased contact 
D)  competition; increased contact

Question 10

What a person believes is the cause of homosexuality has a noticeable impact on the level of anti-gay prejudice that person exhibits.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

People tend to show a preference for ingroups over outgroups even when group membership is determined at random, and even when they have never interacted with members of their ingroup. This tendency is known as ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the discontinuity effect 
B)  ingroup favoritism 
C)  stigma by association 
D)  the minimal group effect

Question 12

Compared to others, obese people tend to be rated as ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  less attractive (but no less successful, hardworking, or intelligent) 
B)  less attractive and less successful (but no less hardworking or intelligent) 
C)  less attractive, less successful, and less hardworking (but no less intelligent) 
D)  less attractive, less successful, less hardworking, and less intelligent

Question 13

Suppose that Paul is gay, but he does not fit your stereotype of gay people: He wears baggy jeans, constantly swears, has sloppy table manners, and enjoys sports. Instead of changing the way you think about gay people as a group, however, you just decide that Paul belongs to a special class of gay people ("gay jocks"). This would be an example of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the self-fulfilling prophecy 
B)  aversive prejudice 
C)  subtyping 
D)  the outgroup homogeneity bias

Question 14

According to the textbook, one critical reason why people hold on to their stereotypes-even in the face of refuting evidence-is that they tend to view pieces of refuting evidence as "exceptions," which constitute their own (new) categories. That is, they tend to create _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  typologies 
B)  biases 
C)  prototypes 
D)  subtypes

Question 15

You have been set up on a blind date, and you find out that the date is with an investment banker. Suppose that you hold the stereotype that investment bankers are aggressive, rude, self-serving, and chauvinistic. If you are like most people, you will spend the evening

Accepted Answer

A)  assuming that the date is aggressive, rude, self-serving, and chauvinistic, without ever looking for evidence one way or the other 
B)  hoping that the date will be aggressive, rude, self-serving, and chauvinistic 
C)  testing the hypothesis that the date is aggressive, rude, self-serving, and chauvinistic 
D)  thinking about how much you detest people who are aggressive, rude, self-serving, and chauvinistic

Question 16

Research examining whether women and men are more or less tolerant of female lesbian behavior versus male gay behavior has found that

Accepted Answer

A)  both genders are somewhat more tolerant of female lesbian behavior. 
B)  both genders are somewhat more tolerant of male gay behavior. 
C)  females are more tolerant of female lesbian behavior, while males are more tolerant of male gay behavior. 
D)  females are more tolerant of male gay behavior, while males are more tolerant of female lesbian behavior.

Question 17

According to the textbook, there is/are ____ known peaceful societies in the world.

Accepted Answer

A)  no 
B)  only one 
C)  about 5 
D)  about 25

Question 18

Having to decide as quickly as possible if a string of words is a real word or not is a(n) ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Having to decide as quickly as possible...

Question 19

Implicit prejudices and explicit prejudices are ____ to each other.

Accepted Answer

A)  almost perfectly positively correlated 
B)  moderately to strongly positively correlated 
C)  uncorrelated to weakly positively correlated 
D)  strongly negatively correlated

Question 20

Most people assume that outgroup members are relatively similar to one another, while ingroup members are relatively different from one another. This tendency is known as the ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  outgroup homogeneity bias 
B)  scapegoat effect 
C)  minimal group effect 
D)  superordinate group bias

Exam 13: Prejudice and Intergroup Relations