Question 1

The term ________ denotes society's efforts to punish and treat individuals who break the law,and thereby to protect the public.

Accepted Answer

A) hulks 
B) privatization 
C) vertical integration 
D) corrections

Question 2

The Auburn system differed from the Pennsylvania system in that inmates were:

Accepted Answer

A) not permitted to have Bibles in their cells. 
B) permitted to share cells. 
C) permitted to congregate during the day to work together in silence. 
D) permitted to communicate with each other.

Question 3

If you were a woman being held while awaiting trial in the early colonial period of the United States,you would most likely be housed:

Accepted Answer

A) with other women. 
B) in a state prison. 
C) with other women,men,and even children. 
D) in solitary confinement.

Question 4

Early forms of confinement in England and other European countries were very different from our contemporary prisons and jails.One of the first methods of confinement was a facility where a wide range of people were sent to work;most of these people were not hardened criminals,but were guilty of not paying their debts.Another form of confinement was exporting criminals to other lands,such as the American colonies and Australia.As the American Revolution began,however,England had to find something else to do with their criminals.As a result,they reconfigured abandoned ships to hold criminals on the riverbanks.The practice of exporting criminals to other lands,such as the American colonies and Australia,was referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A) transportation. 
B) vertical integration. 
C) exploitation. 
D) exoneration.

Question 5

Suppose you were housed in a prison where you spent all of your time working in a small cell and were not permitted to communicate with other inmates or family members on the outside.You were most likely housed in the:

Accepted Answer

A) Cherry Hill Jail. 
B) Elmira Reformatory. 
C) Auburn Prison. 
D) Eastern State Penitentiary.

Question 6

Jack and Jill are both convicted of driving under the influence.Jack is sentenced to nine months in jail,while Jill is sentenced to six months on probation.Jack's sentence is an example of ________ corrections.

Accepted Answer

A) intermediate 
B) community 
C) retributional 
D) institutional

Question 7

If you were accused of a crime and were awaiting trial in the early United States,you would most likely be held in:

Accepted Answer

A) a hulk. 
B) an ordinary house that served as a jail-house. 
C) a gaol. 
D) a state prison.

Question 8

The number of inmates housed in private prisons has ________ in the past two decades.

Accepted Answer

A) stayed the same 
B) decreased,while the number of inmates housed in private jails has increased, 
C) decreased 
D) increased

Question 9

Convicts who were transported from Britain to American colonies to be sold to private individuals to act as servants for a period of time were:

Accepted Answer

A) Walnut servants. 
B) hulk servants. 
C) indentured servants. 
D) penitentiary servants.

Question 10

Which of the following is true about the effectiveness of harsh punishments as deterrents to crime?

Accepted Answer

A) The threat of harsh punishment does not necessarily reduce crime. 
B) The threat of harsh punishment only deters offenders from committing certain offenses,such as murder,robbery,or assault. 
C) The threat of harsh punishments only deters crime among certain offenders,such as those who are employed and have a family. 
D) The threat of harsh punishments almost always deters crime.

Question 11

One of the most important reasons that the Auburn system was favored over the Pennsylvania system was because the Auburn system:

Accepted Answer

A) focused on solitary confinement. 
B) focused on reform and rehabilitation. 
C) was able to turn a profit through convict labor. 
D) used corporal punishment.

Question 12

An early American judge who wished for an offender to repent for his or her sins or wrongdoings would most likely be inclined to sentence an offender to (a):

Accepted Answer

A) hulk. 
B) county jail. 
C) penitentiary. 
D) reformatory.

Question 13

The penal colony Isla Maria is located off the coast of:

Accepted Answer

A) Brazil. 
B) Canada. 
C) Mexico. 
D) the United States.

Question 14

In England during the eleventh century,those who broke laws were often held in ________ until it was time to impose punishment.

Accepted Answer

A) private estates 
B) prisons 
C) community corrections centers 
D) halfway houses

Question 15

In 1785 in Philadelphia,half of the individuals sentenced to jail were guilty of:

Accepted Answer

A) a property crime. 
B) homicide. 
C) public order crimes. 
D) not paying their debts.

Question 16

One of the main criticisms of the Pennsylvania system was that inmates:

Accepted Answer

A) suffered severe physical abuse. 
B) transferred communicable diseases to each other. 
C) often developed mental illnesses. 
D) were not permitted to communicate with each other.

Question 17

Early forms of confinement in England and other European countries were very different from our contemporary prisons and jails.One of the first methods of confinement was a facility where a wide range of people were sent to work;most of these people were not hardened criminals,but were guilty of not paying their debts.Another form of confinement was exporting criminals to other lands,such as the American colonies and Australia.As the American Revolution began,however,England had to find something else to do with their criminals.As a result,they reconfigured abandoned ships to hold criminals on the riverbanks.The ships that were used to house offenders on riverbanks were called:

Accepted Answer

A) garrotes. 
B) hulks. 
C) hulls. 
D) schooners.

Question 18

Suppose Jack is incarcerated in a facility where he makes shoes that are sold on the open market.He is subject to strict discipline and is not paid for his work.Jack is most likely incarcerated in a(n):

Accepted Answer

A) reformatory. 
B) county jail. 
C) industrial prison. 
D) Pennsylvania prison.

Question 19

Researchers who study punishment believe that the motive for harsh punishment is not deterrence but:

Accepted Answer

A) retribution. 
B) restoration. 
C) incapacitation. 
D) rehabilitation.

Question 20

Four friends,Bob,Sue,Tom,and John have been convicted of bank robbery.Upon sentencing,they discover that they are being sent to four different prisons,each with its own philosophy of corrections.Bob spends much of his sentence in an isolation cell;he is also subject to strict rules and regulations and has no access to rehabilitation programs.Sue finds herself in a prison that is filled with individuals serving very lengthy sentences as well as some low-level offenders,who,she thinks,should never have been incarcerated because their crimes are not serious.Tom,on the other hand,has access to many different treatment programs.Finally,the prison where John is incarcerated is focused on John's success when he returns to the community.He spends his time preparing for release.Tom is most likely incarcerated in a prison that adheres to the ________ model of corrections.

Accepted Answer

A) reintegration 
B) punishment 
C) rehabilitation 
D) crime control

Exam 11: Overview of Corrections