Question 1

Beck's approach that has been most effective in treating depression involves

Accepted Answer

A)  aversion therapy.
B)  a token economy.
C)  cognitive therapy.
D)  covert sensitization. C

Question 2

In desensitization, relaxation is induced to block fear, a process known as

Accepted Answer

A)  systematic adaptation.
B)  vicarious opposition.
C)  stimulus control.
D)  reciprocal inhibition. D

Question 3

Marian is very late coming in from her date.Her parents "ground" her (take away her dating privilege) for two weeks.Marian is experiencing

Accepted Answer

A)  punishment.
B)  negative reinforcement.
C)  non-reinforcement.
D)  stimulus control. A

Question 4

Concerning EMDR, which of the following statements is/are TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  In EMDR, the client visualizes upsetting thoughts while a pencil is moved rapidly in front of his or her eyes.
B)  A number of studies show that EMDR lowers anxieties and takes the pain out of traumatic memories.
C)  EMDR may be just the gradual exposure to upsetting stimuli with the eye movements adding nothing to the treatment.
D)  All of these statements are true.

Question 5

The concept of reciprocal inhibition refers to the fact that

Accepted Answer

A)  fears can be gradually adapted to new situations.
B)  the occurrence of one emotional state can prevent the occurrence of another.
C)  disinhibition works even when a patient vividly imagines steps of the hierarchy.
D)  punishment inhibits undesirable responses.

Question 6

Which of the following is a new technique to deal with traumatic memories?

Accepted Answer

A)  aversion therapy
B)  sensitivity training
C)  eye movement desensitization
D)  time-out

Question 7

Which of the following is considered an insight therapy?

Accepted Answer

A)  existential therapy
B)  behavior therapy
C)  cognitive therapy
D)  rational-emotive behavior therapy

Question 8

Regarding group therapy, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Group therapy allows individuals to act out or directly experience problems.
B)  Group therapy can produce insights that might not occur from merely talking about an issue.
C)  Group therapy is often more expensive than individual therapy.
D)  Psychologists first tried working with groups because there was a shortage of therapists.

Question 9

Which of the following is/are advantage(s) of group therapy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Group therapy is less expensive than individual therapy.
B)  Group therapy has been shown to be just as effective as individual therapy.
C)  Other group members can offer support and useful input.
D)  All of these are advantages.

Question 10

When a person blows a single unpleasant event out of proportion by extending it to a large number of unrelated situations, the person is exhibiting

Accepted Answer

A)  selective perception.
B)  all-or-nothing thinking.
C)  personification.
D)  overgeneralization.

Question 11

A child who has an intense fear of a dog as a result of some traumatic experience in the dog's presence would be a candidate for

Accepted Answer

A)  aversive therapy.
B)  systematic desensitization.
C)  inhibition training.
D)  operant conditioning.

Question 12

In business settings, psychologists still use the basic principles of _____, which are truth, self-awareness, and self-determination, to improve employee relationships.

Accepted Answer

A)  EMDR and REBT
B)  psychodynamic and client-centered therapies
C)  behavior modification and psychodrama
D)  sensitivity groups and encounter groups

Question 13

Katie is very afraid of deep water.According to behavior therapists, the best way to alleviate Katie's fear is to

Accepted Answer

A)  throw her into the deep end of the pool.
B)  help her relax while she gradually becomes accustomed to deeper water.
C)  explore how she originally became afraid of water.
D)  substitute more rational thoughts for her distorted obsessive thoughts about drowning.

Question 14

John considers himself to be a professional gambler and only a part-time truck driver.He has "won big" several times in his life, but his wife remembers the times that she had to rely on help from her parents just to feed and clothe their children because of John's "big losses." However, John keeps gambling because he tends to focus on the "wins" and not on the "losses." John is exhibiting which of the cognitive distortions that lead to a gambling addiction?

Accepted Answer

A)  luck as a trait
B)  the gambler's fallacy
C)  attribution errors
D)  selective memory

Question 15

Vicarious desensitization occurs when the client

Accepted Answer

A)  observes a model performing the feared behavior.
B)  is coached into performing feared behavior in front of the therapist.
C)  engages in behaviors similar to the feared behavior.
D)  uses selective perception in coping with a feared object.

Question 16

A cognitive therapist is concerned primarily with helping clients change their

Accepted Answer

A)  thinking patterns.
B)  behaviors.
C)  life-styles.
D)  habits.

Question 17

Jamie is very angry and tells his friend, "I studied for that test.I should have gotten at least a B. That teacher is so unfair.Everything would be great around here if it wasn't for her." According to REBT, Jamie's anger is due to

Accepted Answer

A)  external events, such as his test grade.
B)  learned helplessness.
C)  his irrational and unrealistic beliefs.
D)  a transference of feelings from his mother to his teacher.

Question 18

Group awareness training that helps people to seek personal growth experiences occurs most often in

Accepted Answer

A)  therapeutic alliance and family therapy groups.
B)  sensitivity and encounter groups.
C)  REBT and EMDR groups.
D)  existential and psychodynamic groups.

Question 19

Regarding cognitive therapy, which of the following statements is/are TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cognitive therapy is as effective as drugs for treating many cases of depression.
B)  People who have adopted new thinking patterns are less likely to become depressed again.
C)  Stress inoculation techniques are good examples of cognitive therapy.
D)  All of these are true.

Question 20

Ellis believes that most irrational beliefs come from three unrealistic core ideas.Which of the following is NOT one of these ideas?

Accepted Answer

A)  Conditions must be the way I want them to be.
B)  I must perform well and be approved of by significant others.
C)  My problems are always caused by my own faults and mistakes.
D)  You must treat me fairly.

Exam 15: Extension B: Therapies